孙杨患胆囊息肉,医生:少数患者可能癌变,1厘米以上需手术

2017-05-18 陈明明 澎湃新闻

两届奥运会冠军得主孙杨日前接受记者采访时透露,自己患有严重胆囊息肉仍坚持训练。尽管饱受疼痛困扰,但孙杨在今年澳大利亚冬训期间坚持每天训练至少15小时,“其实胃疼源于自己的老毛病——胆囊息肉,我一直有胆囊息肉,2016年做检查时大概是0.5cm,现在已经到了0.98cm,快1cm了,如果再大医生就建议做一个微创手术切除。”胆囊息肉是否会引起胃疼?胆囊息肉如何治疗,会不会癌变?上海市同济医院普外科副主

两届奥运会冠军得主孙杨日前接受记者采访时透露,自己患有严重胆囊息肉仍坚持训练。尽管饱受疼痛困扰,但孙杨在今年澳大利亚冬训期间坚持每天训练至少15小时,“其实胃疼源于自己的老毛病——胆囊息肉,我一直有胆囊息肉,2016年做检查时大概是0.5cm,现在已经到了0.98cm,快1cm了,如果再大医生就建议做一个微创手术切除。”

胆囊息肉是否会引起胃疼?胆囊息肉如何治疗,会不会癌变?上海市同济医院普外科副主任医师李新平告诉记者,胆囊息肉引起胃疼这一说法不准确,“通常情况下,胆囊息肉不会引起剧烈疼痛,除非息肉长在胆囊口往下掉引起上腹绞痛,但不会引起胃疼,患者常常难以辨别具体的疼痛部位。”

胆囊息肉是生长在胆囊黏膜上的一个赘生物,李新平副主任医师称,大多数胆囊息肉既没有症状也不会影响胆囊功能,但是无论有无绞痛症状,息肉大于1cm都建议进行手术,“胆囊息肉患者如果有绞痛症状,影响正常工作生活,无论是否长到1cm,在临床上都算有手术指征;如果患者无绞痛症状,当胆囊息肉长到1cm以上,也建议做微创手术切除,因为少数胆囊息肉患者存在癌变的潜在风险。暂时不想做手术的患者,可以随访做B超检查。”

胆囊里会长息肉也可能长结石,这两种疾病都会引起胆囊炎、胆绞痛,胆结石可以分为胆固醇结石、胆色素结石,而胆固醇结晶是胆结石的早期阶段,李新平副主任医师提醒,在超声影像上,往往很难区分早期胆囊息肉和胆固醇结晶,“胆固醇结晶慢慢密度变高变硬就会变成胆结石,但是胆囊息肉是活体组织有血液供应,相当于胆囊里长了个瘤,有癌变的风险;而胆结石是石头,不是人体内的东西,其本身是不会癌变,但如果胆结石引发的胆囊炎反复发作、长期刺激胆囊黏膜的话,也会引起胆囊癌。”

俗话说“肝胆相照”,胆囊出问题还会影响到肝脏。李新平副主任医师告诉记者:“胆结石合并急性胆囊炎发作,会导致肝酶和胆红素升高,损害肝脏。胆囊里有些石头大小不一,还好多颗,会从胆囊跑到胆管里,引发胆管阻塞,导致胆汁无法排出形成胆道感染,这对肝脏损害很严重,甚至危害生命。”

那么如何预防胆囊疾病?李新平副主任医师提醒,无论再忙也要吃早饭,并且要远离酒精,“胆囊中的胆汁其实是肝脏分泌的,通过胆管储存在胆囊中。当进食时,胆囊就会收缩,把胆汁‘挤’进肠道参与消化。睡了一晚上,胆囊内积蓄了一夜的胆汁,吃早饭可以刺激胆囊收缩排出胆汁,有些泥沙就会排到肠道;如果不吃早饭,胆汁就会浓缩,形成胆泥和其他沉淀物,不停地刺激胆囊膜,形成结石。酒精可直接损伤肝功能,引起肝胆功能失调,使胆汁的分泌、排出过程紊乱,从而刺激胆囊形成新的息肉或使原来的息肉增长、变大,增加胆囊息肉的癌变系数。”

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    2017-05-29 虈亣靌

    学习了谢谢分享

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    2017-05-29 laoli

    谢谢分享,学习了!

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    2017-05-20 axin014

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