JAMA:中青年体重增加可使年老时乳腺癌等疾病风险增加

2017-07-20 佚名 肿瘤医学论坛

2017年7月18日,《美国医学会杂志》正式发表哈佛大学陈曾熙公共卫生学院、复旦大学生命科学学院、哈佛大学医学院、布莱根女子医院、美国退伍军人事务部波士顿医疗中心的研究报告,发现从青年(18~21岁)至55岁的体重增加,与生命后期主要慢性疾病和死亡的风险增加、年老时仍保持健康的可能性降低有相关性。

肥胖是全球主要的健康问题。全世界男性和女性的肥胖患病率(体重指数≥30kg/m2)2014年分别为11%和15%(1980年分别为5%和8%)。在美国成年人中,从青年至中年,每年平均体重增加0.5~1kg,该体重累积最终会随着时间推移而导致肥胖。过度肥胖是主要慢性疾病(包括心脏代谢疾病、肥胖相关癌症)以及过早死亡的风险因素。肥胖相关癌症包括乳腺癌(绝经后女性)、子宫内膜癌(仅女性)、卵巢癌(仅女性)、前列腺癌(仅男性)、食管癌(仅腺癌)、结直肠癌胰腺癌、肾癌、肝癌、胆囊癌。

虽然描述成年期体重增加对总体健康影响的数据对于体重控制至关重要,但是在青年至中年时体重增加(这是体重增加最常发生的时期)与生命后期健康结局的相关性尚不明确。

2017年7月18日,《美国医学会杂志》正式发表哈佛大学陈曾熙公共卫生学院、复旦大学生命科学学院、哈佛大学医学院、布莱根女子医院、美国退伍军人事务部波士顿医疗中心的研究报告,发现从青年(18~21岁)至55岁的体重增加,与生命后期主要慢性疾病和死亡的风险增加、年老时仍保持健康的可能性降低有相关性。


在该研究中,绝大多数女性已绝经且未接受激素疗法,但是可以观察到这些女性(尤其排除吸烟因素的女性)成年期体重变化与癌症以及肥胖相关癌症(其中主要为乳腺癌)有直接相关性。

该队列研究对1976年~2012年6月30日护士健康研究92837位美国女性、1986年~2012年1月31日医务人员随访研究25303位美国男性的数据进行了分析,这些研究参与者回忆了青年(女性18岁,男性21岁)的体重并报告了中年(55岁)的体重。从55岁开始,分别随访18年、15年,随访参与者的疾病发生情况,根据医疗记录或全国死亡指数确定心血管疾病、癌症和死亡。复合健康老龄化结局(年老时仍保持健康)被定义为无11种慢性疾病和主要身心障碍。

结果发现:

92837位美国女性(白人占97%)37年平均体重增加12.6±12.3kg。

25303位美国男性(白人占97%)34年平均体重增加9.7±9.7kg。

体重中度增加(2.5~10.0kg)与体重保持稳定(体重减轻≤2.5kg或增加<2.5kg)的参与者相比:

主要慢性疾病和死亡的发生率增加,校正后每年每10万人绝对相差例数:

2型糖尿病:女性98例、男性111例(207比110、258比147,95%置信区间:72~127、58~179)。

高血压:女性662例、男性495例(3415比2754、2861比2366,95%置信区间:545~782、281~726)。

血管疾病:女性61例、男性43例(309比248、383比340,95%置信区间:38~87、-14~109)。

肥胖相关癌症:女性37例、男性42例(452比415、208比165,95%置信区间:4~73、0.5~94)

排除吸烟因素的肥胖相关癌症:女性53例、男性20例(426比374、184比164,95%置信区间:3~108、-29~88)。

死亡:女性21例、男性-32例(1071比1050、749比781,95%置信区间:-11~54、-99.2~41)

排除吸烟因素的死亡:女性51例、男性-9例(802比751、598比608,95%置信区间:6~98、-91~85)。

复合健康老龄化结局达标率显着降低:女性24%比27%、男性37%比39%(多变量校正比值比:0.78、0.88,95%置信区间:0.72~0.84、0.79~0.97)。

其中,从青年至中年,体重增加≥5kg与主要慢性疾病复合指标显着升高有相关性,这些严重慢性疾病包括2型糖尿病心血管疾病、癌症、非创伤性死亡。体重增幅越大,主要慢性疾病风险越大,年老时仍保持健康的可能性越小。

与肥胖的相关性可能因癌症特征而异;乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌、结直肠癌、肾癌、胰腺癌、食管癌、胆囊癌、卵巢癌、甲状腺癌、前列腺癌可分类为肥胖相关癌症。

因此,在这些女性和男性医务人员中,从青年到中年的中度体重增加与主要慢性疾病以及死亡的风险显着增加、年老时仍保持健康的可能性降低有相关性,这些发现可能有助于患者了解体重增加的风险。该研究的局限性为,参与者通过较晚时期回忆其青年体重,因此体重变化偏倚不可避免。

对此,乔治华盛顿大学米尔肯公共卫生研究学院雷德斯通全球预防与健康中心发表同期评论:年轻成人超重和肥胖是疾病预防的新目标。
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    2017-07-22 xuyu
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1298213, encodeId=c18d1298213a7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3379266918f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#体重增加#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=26691, encryptionId=3379266918f, topicName=体重增加)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45b2276, createdName=839640778, createdTime=Sat Jul 22 11:31:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1473063, encodeId=240014e3063ef, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=862be0746bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疾病风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70746, encryptionId=862be0746bc, topicName=疾病风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3c757221906, createdName=花花1368, createdTime=Sat Jul 22 11:31:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1596163, encodeId=4952159616347, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6e342260237' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#中青年#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=22602, encryptionId=6e342260237, topicName=中青年)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e72b18339957, createdName=xuyu, createdTime=Sat Jul 22 11:31:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=224424, encodeId=798322442458, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/07/07/d51783575d8d90eaa8b668d568aa6e50.jpg, createdBy=909f109204, createdName=liuweigang, createdTime=Thu Jul 20 23:38:25 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=224422, encodeId=96ff224422ca, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmhead/Q3auHgzwzM7V1lG3lEERmrZh1ZAYgnIqsCAwFfLlOdXroVwBJqvTvw/0, createdBy=b2522082239, createdName=维维豆奶, createdTime=Thu Jul 20 22:55:14 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=224405, encodeId=7d7b2244058f, content=学习了。。。。。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo51eheDrP8dFkRicVB5LyaVk2Nc1S87J8nCBgASWQ4rrorsyzzr0UzN8N5bibeqGofE7ZtdT6YNZHEQ/0, createdBy=79351625688, createdName=1dd7a091m35(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Jul 20 22:12:45 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=224380, encodeId=b07122438055, content=签到学习了很多人, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://q.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/A3E53E62691178E2F18D7B999FD22131/100, createdBy=f44d2003846, createdName=Chongyang Zhang, createdTime=Thu Jul 20 21:04:48 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-07-20 liuweigang

    学习

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1298213, encodeId=c18d1298213a7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3379266918f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#体重增加#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=26691, encryptionId=3379266918f, topicName=体重增加)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45b2276, createdName=839640778, createdTime=Sat Jul 22 11:31:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1473063, encodeId=240014e3063ef, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=862be0746bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疾病风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70746, encryptionId=862be0746bc, topicName=疾病风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3c757221906, createdName=花花1368, createdTime=Sat Jul 22 11:31:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1596163, encodeId=4952159616347, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6e342260237' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#中青年#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=22602, encryptionId=6e342260237, topicName=中青年)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e72b18339957, createdName=xuyu, createdTime=Sat Jul 22 11:31:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=224424, encodeId=798322442458, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/07/07/d51783575d8d90eaa8b668d568aa6e50.jpg, createdBy=909f109204, createdName=liuweigang, createdTime=Thu Jul 20 23:38:25 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=224422, encodeId=96ff224422ca, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmhead/Q3auHgzwzM7V1lG3lEERmrZh1ZAYgnIqsCAwFfLlOdXroVwBJqvTvw/0, createdBy=b2522082239, createdName=维维豆奶, createdTime=Thu Jul 20 22:55:14 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=224405, encodeId=7d7b2244058f, content=学习了。。。。。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo51eheDrP8dFkRicVB5LyaVk2Nc1S87J8nCBgASWQ4rrorsyzzr0UzN8N5bibeqGofE7ZtdT6YNZHEQ/0, createdBy=79351625688, createdName=1dd7a091m35(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Jul 20 22:12:45 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=224380, encodeId=b07122438055, content=签到学习了很多人, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://q.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/A3E53E62691178E2F18D7B999FD22131/100, createdBy=f44d2003846, createdName=Chongyang Zhang, createdTime=Thu Jul 20 21:04:48 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-07-20 维维豆奶

    学习了

    0

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    2017-07-20 1dd7a091m35(暂无匿称)

    学习了。。。。。

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1298213, encodeId=c18d1298213a7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3379266918f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#体重增加#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=26691, encryptionId=3379266918f, topicName=体重增加)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45b2276, createdName=839640778, createdTime=Sat Jul 22 11:31:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1473063, encodeId=240014e3063ef, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=862be0746bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疾病风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70746, encryptionId=862be0746bc, topicName=疾病风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3c757221906, createdName=花花1368, createdTime=Sat Jul 22 11:31:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1596163, encodeId=4952159616347, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6e342260237' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#中青年#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=22602, encryptionId=6e342260237, topicName=中青年)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e72b18339957, createdName=xuyu, createdTime=Sat Jul 22 11:31:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=224424, encodeId=798322442458, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/07/07/d51783575d8d90eaa8b668d568aa6e50.jpg, createdBy=909f109204, createdName=liuweigang, createdTime=Thu Jul 20 23:38:25 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=224422, encodeId=96ff224422ca, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmhead/Q3auHgzwzM7V1lG3lEERmrZh1ZAYgnIqsCAwFfLlOdXroVwBJqvTvw/0, createdBy=b2522082239, createdName=维维豆奶, createdTime=Thu Jul 20 22:55:14 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=224405, encodeId=7d7b2244058f, content=学习了。。。。。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo51eheDrP8dFkRicVB5LyaVk2Nc1S87J8nCBgASWQ4rrorsyzzr0UzN8N5bibeqGofE7ZtdT6YNZHEQ/0, createdBy=79351625688, createdName=1dd7a091m35(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Jul 20 22:12:45 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=224380, encodeId=b07122438055, content=签到学习了很多人, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://q.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/A3E53E62691178E2F18D7B999FD22131/100, createdBy=f44d2003846, createdName=Chongyang Zhang, createdTime=Thu Jul 20 21:04:48 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-07-20 Chongyang Zhang

    签到学习了很多人

    0

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25岁男性,突发右眼视物不清5天,右下肢活动不利伴精神障碍2天。入院前15天曾在突然出现右眼视物不清,随后出现昏睡,叫醒困难。在北京同仁医院眼科诊断为“右眼底出血”并给予治疗后症状减轻。随后头颅MR检查提示多发性脑梗死。奇怪的是该青年的症状与常见的青年型脑卒中不相符合,这是为何?临床资料患者男性,25岁,主因“突发右眼视物不清5天,右下肢活动不利伴精神障碍2天”于2008年10月24日入院。患者于