LANCET:中英两款新冠疫苗临床试验结果出炉,可诱发免疫反应

2020-07-21 生物探索 生物探索

两款疫苗均能实现对新冠病毒(SARS-CoV-2)的免疫反应,并且诱导了高效的T细胞免疫应答。

当地时间7月20日,《柳叶刀》发布了两款新冠病毒疫苗(COVID-19)1期/2期临床试验的最新结果。其中一款由中国工程院陈薇院士团队及康希诺生物公司(CanSino Biologics)共同研发,另一款由英国牛津大学和阿斯利康公司开发。从实验结果来看,两款疫苗均能实现对新冠病毒(SARS-CoV-2)的免疫反应,并且诱导了高效的T细胞免疫应答。

陈薇院士团队/康希诺生物公司

在中国团队带来的这项非复制型5型腺病毒(Ad5)新冠病毒疫苗临床2期试验中,508位参与者分别接受了高剂量(1E11 病毒颗粒,n=253)、低剂量(5E10病毒颗粒,n=129)疫苗以及安慰剂(n=126)注射。该研究的主要结果是评估Ad5载体COVID-19疫苗的免疫原性和安全性,并确定3期功效研究的疫苗剂量。

这些参与者的平均年龄为39.7岁(IQR18-83),其中266人(52%)对Ad5载体具有较高的既存免疫力,而242人(48%)具有较低的既存免疫力。所有参与者在接种疫苗后的28天内完成了随访,并在第0和28天提供了血液样本。

随访结果显示,从第14天起,高剂量组和低剂量组检测到Ad5载体COVID-19疫苗诱导的受体结合域(RBD)特异性ELISA抗体反应。在第28天,高剂量组244位参与者(96%)以及低剂量组的129位参与者(97%)显示RBD特异性ELISA抗体发生血清转化,而安慰剂组参与者则没有发生变化。

高剂量组和低剂量组均能对活SARS-CoV-2诱导显着的中和抗体免疫应答,参与者中和抗体的中和活性的几何平均滴度(GMT)分别为19.5和18.3。高剂量组中,有148人(59%)发生了中和抗体对活SARS-CoV-2反应的血清转化,低剂量组中的数据为61人(47%)。

同时,高剂量组的227人(90%)以及低剂量组的129人(88%)均产生了特异性IFN-g,表明该疫苗诱发了T细胞应答。

总体而言,高剂量组196人(77%)、低剂量组98人(76%)以及安慰剂组61人(48%)在接受注射后28天内出现了一种或多种不良反应。其中最常见的不良反应为全身性疲劳、发烧、头痛、注射部位疼痛。

值得注意的是,研究人员发现,先前抗Ad5免疫力高以及年龄大的参与者,RBD特异性ELISA抗体和中和抗体水平对该疫苗的抗体相应均更弱,但优于安慰剂组。从实验结果来看,高剂量(1E11 病毒颗粒)将是两次剂量中较好的剂量。

牛津大学/阿斯利康公司

在这项由英国研究人员进行的AZD1222腺病毒载体疫苗(ChAdOx1)1/2期临床实验中,共有1077名参与者分别接受了ChAdOx1 nCoV-19(n = 543)以及对照脑膜炎球菌结合疫苗MenACWY(n = 534)的接种。参与者的平均年龄为35岁(IQR 28-44岁),90%以上的参与者为白种人。

在ChAdOx1 nCoV-19组中,抗SARS-CoV-2穗蛋白抗体在第28天达到峰值,并在接种后的第56天里仍然保持高水平。

随后,研究人员从多个维度评估了参与者体内的中和抗体水平。采用PRNT50分析方法,研究人员对35名受试者进行血清中和检测,发现所有参与者均获得了中和效价,中位滴度为218。如果应用MNA80法检测,91%在单次接种后具有血清中和反应,而应用则100%具有血清中和反应。

另外,研究人员使用了特异性干扰素γ酶联免疫斑点测定对志愿者的T细胞免疫反应进行了检测,发现志愿者接种ChAdOx1-nCoV-19第7天出现细胞免疫反应,并且第14天特异性T应答达到峰值(ELISPOT 856/10e6 PBMC),直至第56天仍绕保持在较高的水平。

在不良反应方面,研究人员发现,ChAdOx1-nCoV-19参与者出现了局部和全身不良反应,包括注射部位疼痛、头痛、疲劳、发冷、发热、不适和肌肉疼痛等。实验中未报告严重不良事件。

据悉,在《柳叶刀》发布两项疫苗临床实验结果的当天,辉瑞公司和BioNTech也在medRxiv上公布了其mRNA新冠疫苗1期临床试验的进一步结果,文中指出,mRNA疫苗可同时诱导有效的抗体反应和T细胞应答。

原始出处:

Pedro M Folegatti, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary report of a phase 1/2, single-blind, randomised controlled trial. The Lancet, 2020. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31604-4.

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    2020-10-22 howi
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    2020-07-23 cnxcy
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    2020-07-22 lovetcm

    #新冠肺炎#疫苗全面上市意味着国家间全面开放!否则只能封闭

    0

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    2020-07-21 燕子2485

    期待早点投入临床

    1

    展开1条回复
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1830751, encodeId=48fd1830e513f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Thu Oct 22 00:44:16 CST 2020, time=2020-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1280221, encodeId=1914128022129, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2bbe289846f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#免疫反应#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=28984, encryptionId=2bbe289846f, topicName=免疫反应)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=827b160, createdName=cnxcy, createdTime=Thu Jul 23 10:44:16 CST 2020, time=2020-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=803818, encodeId=95aa8038189d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46ce580e865' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新冠肺炎#</a>疫苗全面上市意味着国家间全面开放!否则只能封闭, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58078, encryptionId=46ce580e865, topicName=新冠肺炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Wed Jul 22 08:03:55 CST 2020, time=2020-07-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=803747, encodeId=69fb803e4797, content=期待早点投入临床, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTL0Fn1mibfUC6pOOut4anicejGbdAcNib9sfx0LdKkzDcsZQmWYIqN71lJVVrmeE2mpmVhDcSib2ickM9A/132, createdBy=6acb5241701, createdName=燕子2485, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 21:35:43 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1028328, encodeId=2c5710283283f, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 22:44:16 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1033895, encodeId=2812103389563, content=顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=goodbing, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 22:44:16 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=803734, encodeId=eb5e803e3425, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=62afe048720' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疫苗#</a>新冠疫苗背后,其实是科技的竞争,中国和英国跑在前面,美国紧居其后。其他的国家基本是靠边站。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=151, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70487, encryptionId=62afe048720, topicName=疫苗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 20:32:47 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-07-21 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1830751, encodeId=48fd1830e513f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Thu Oct 22 00:44:16 CST 2020, time=2020-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1280221, encodeId=1914128022129, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2bbe289846f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#免疫反应#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=28984, encryptionId=2bbe289846f, topicName=免疫反应)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=827b160, createdName=cnxcy, createdTime=Thu Jul 23 10:44:16 CST 2020, time=2020-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=803818, encodeId=95aa8038189d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46ce580e865' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新冠肺炎#</a>疫苗全面上市意味着国家间全面开放!否则只能封闭, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58078, encryptionId=46ce580e865, topicName=新冠肺炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Wed Jul 22 08:03:55 CST 2020, time=2020-07-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=803747, encodeId=69fb803e4797, content=期待早点投入临床, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTL0Fn1mibfUC6pOOut4anicejGbdAcNib9sfx0LdKkzDcsZQmWYIqN71lJVVrmeE2mpmVhDcSib2ickM9A/132, createdBy=6acb5241701, createdName=燕子2485, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 21:35:43 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1028328, encodeId=2c5710283283f, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 22:44:16 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1033895, encodeId=2812103389563, content=顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=goodbing, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 22:44:16 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=803734, encodeId=eb5e803e3425, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=62afe048720' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疫苗#</a>新冠疫苗背后,其实是科技的竞争,中国和英国跑在前面,美国紧居其后。其他的国家基本是靠边站。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=151, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70487, encryptionId=62afe048720, topicName=疫苗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 20:32:47 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-07-21 goodbing

    顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多

    0

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    2020-07-21 lovetcm

    #疫苗#新冠疫苗背后,其实是科技的竞争,中国和英国跑在前面,美国紧居其后。其他的国家基本是靠边站。

    0

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