JAMA Oncol:小肠腺癌基因突变分析研究

2017-06-19 zhangfan MedSci原创

研究对小肠腺癌的基因特征与其他胃肠道常见肿瘤进行了比较,基因组分析确定了90%左右的小肠腺癌基因突变类型,微卫星不稳定性等高风险突变在小肠腺癌中比例较高,提示了免疫治疗的潜在作用

小肠腺癌(SBAS)是一种罕见的癌症。相比于其他肠源性肿瘤,其发生率低,后期诊断和整体存活率较差。目前尚缺少对SBAS综合基因组分析的研究。近日研究人员开展了一项大型SBAS与其他胃肠道肿瘤基因组特征比较研究,旨在识别潜在的病变基因突变。

研究人员获取了317份SBA,6353份结肠癌以及889份胃癌患者的组织样本对其进行全面的基因组分析研究。

在参与研究的7559名患者中,54.7%为男性,平均年龄56岁。研究发现,SBA基因变化的频率与结肠癌和胃癌有显著差异:SBAS vs结肠癌 (APC: 26.8% [85 of 317] vs 75.9% [4823 of 6353], P<0.001; CDKN2A: 14.5% [46 of 317] vs 2.6% [165 of 6353], P<0.001);SBAS vs胃癌 (KRAS: 53.6% [170 of 317] vs 14.2% [126 of 889], P<0.001; APC: 26.8% [85 of 317] vs 7.8% [69 of 889], P<0.001; SMAD4: 17.4% [55 of 317] vs 5.2% [46 of 889], P<0.001)。BRAF突变存在于7.6%的结肠癌患者以及9.1%的SBA样本中,但 SBA患者 V600E 不普遍,只占据BRAF突变患者的10.3%。 SBA患者普遍存在ERBB2/HER2 突变(8.2% [26 of 317]), 微卫星不稳性(7.6% [13 of 170])以及高风险突变 (9.5% [30 of 317])。与十二指肠腺癌和炎症性肠病SBA相比,非特定SBA存在显著的分子特异性差异,存在额外的基因定位的改变,如PIK3CA 、MEK1以及受体酪氨酸激酶融合。

研究对小肠腺癌的基因特征与其他胃肠道常见肿瘤进行了比较,基因组分析确定了90%左右的小肠腺癌基因突变类型,微卫星不稳定性等高风险突变在小肠腺癌中比例较高,提示了免疫治疗的潜在作用。

原始出处:

Alexa B. Schrock et al. Genomic Profiling of Small-Bowel Adenocarcinoma. JAMA Oncol. June 15 2017.

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    2018-04-12 仁医06
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    2017-06-21 虈亣靌

    学习了谢谢分享。

    0

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    2017-06-19 Norene

    学习了。。。。。

    0

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