Nat Immunol:埃及伊蚊吸血策略及其免疫抑制毒素促进寨卡病毒传播机制

2018-03-10 佚名 昆明动物所

寨卡病毒(ZIKV)属黄热病毒属,于1940年代在非洲首次被发现,以埃及伊蚊为主要传播媒介,对人类尤其是免疫低下的人群有较强的感染性。孕妇若感染寨卡病毒可导致新生儿小头症甚至死亡。2015年5月以来,寨卡病毒疫情在拉美地区大肆流行,并蔓延至60多个国家,世界卫生组织(WHO)因此拉响了国际公共卫生紧急事件的警报。吸血节肢动物通过其唾液腺活性成分抑制宿主免疫和凝血反应,以从宿主成功获得血餐。蚊子作为

寨卡病毒(ZIKV)属黄热病毒属,于1940年代在非洲首次被发现,以埃及伊蚊为主要传播媒介,对人类尤其是免疫低下的人群有较强的感染性。孕妇若感染寨卡病毒可导致新生儿小头症甚至死亡。2015年5月以来,寨卡病毒疫情在拉美地区大肆流行,并蔓延至60多个国家,世界卫生组织(WHO)因此拉响了国际公共卫生紧急事件的警报。吸血节肢动物通过其唾液腺活性成分抑制宿主免疫和凝血反应,以从宿主成功获得血餐。蚊子作为分布极广泛的吸血节肢动物和第一大病原媒介动物,其传播多种病原的机制尚不明确。

中国科学院昆明动物研究所联合清华大学、中科院生物物理研究所、云南省寄生虫病防治所、中国人民解放军军事医学科学院等科研单位,从埃及伊蚊唾液腺中分离纯化得到一分子量为15 kDa的免疫抑制毒素蛋白(命名为LTRIN),并对该蛋白的生物化学特征和生理学活性进行探索。研究发现,埃及伊蚊在吸血过程中LTRIN的表达显着上调。LTRIN通过抑制淋巴毒素β受体(lymphotoxin-β receptor)信号通路,在宿主吸血部位造成免疫水平低下,从而协助寨卡病毒传播。针对LTRIN的抗体可抑制埃及伊蚊介导的寨卡病毒感染。该项研究:(1)探索了埃及伊蚊成功吸血的环境适应机制;(2)识别了新型免疫抑制剂候选药物分子;(3)研究了虫媒病原传播的机制;(4)证明了淋巴毒素受体干预对控制寨卡病毒传播具有重要作用。

3月5日,相关研究结果以Salivary factor LTRIN from Aedes aegypti facilitates Zika virus transmission by interfering with the lymphotoxin-β receptor为题,于在线发表在Nature Immunology上。昆明动物所博士后靳林、博士研究生郭晓敏、助理研究员申传斌、助理研究员郝雪和清华大学硕士研究生孙鹏为文章的共同第一作者,昆明动物所研究员赖仞、齐晓朋和清华大学研究员程功为文章的共同通讯作者。

研究工作得到了科技部重点研发计划、国家自然科学基金委员会、中科院、云南省科技厅的支持。

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    2018-07-15 liye789132251
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    2018-03-12 tomyang92
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    2018-03-10 131****1460

    学习了受益匪浅

    0

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    2018-03-10 wqkm

    ^_^^_^^_^

    0

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华人学者领衔的一个研究团队 29 日在英国《自然·通讯》杂志上发表报告说,他们发现了寨卡病毒暴发流行的一种新机制,由于病毒位点突变,导致病毒抑制动物宿主天然免疫防御的能力增强,因此也使病毒感染人体的能力以及致病性得以增强。

寨卡病毒病诊疗方案印发 国家卫生计生委要求重点省份及时有效灭蚊

2 月 3 日,国家卫生计生委网站发布《寨卡病毒病诊疗方案(2016 年第 1 版)》。《方案》指出,寨卡病毒病以对症治疗为主,酌情服用解热镇痛药。在排除登革热之前,避免使用阿司匹林等非甾体类抗炎药物。目前,尚无疫苗进行预防,最佳预防方式是防止蚊虫叮咬。

Nat Micr:中国学者率先揭示寨卡病毒感染神经细胞的新机制

复旦大学3日披露,该校生物医学研究院/上海市公共卫生临床中心双聘教授徐建青团队对寨卡病毒入侵神经细胞的关键分子进行研究,率先揭示了寨卡病毒感染神经细胞的新机制。这将为研发新型有效的寨卡病毒防御技术提供生物学新靶点。

J Infect:高流行区归国者增加寨卡病毒本地传播风险

寨卡病毒(ZIKV)是一种热带蚊媒病毒,目前还没有治疗的特效药,也还没有预防寨卡病毒的疫苗。2017年10月,发表在《J Infect》的一项研究考察了外来寨卡病毒传播至中国广东的流行病学、病毒学特征和遗传进化。