The Lancet:85%COPD患者错失早期诊断的良机

2014-02-18 佚名 不详

COPD患者的典型症状及体征可随着时间的推移而逐渐出现,只有当严重且不可逆的损害形成时才能确诊为COPD。早诊断、早治疗不仅能延缓COPD患者的病情进展,还能减少医疗支出。 英国普利茅斯大学半岛医学院的Jones博士等开展了一项研究,对COPD患者确诊前的医疗模式及在此期间出现的合并症进行了评估。结果在线发表于The Lancet上。研究认为:重视下气道症状及COPD相关长期合并症,有助于COP

COPD患者的典型症状及体征可随着时间的推移而逐渐出现,只有当严重且不可逆的损害形成时才能确诊为COPD。早诊断、早治疗不仅能延缓COPD患者的病情进展,还能减少医疗支出。

英国普利茅斯大学半岛医学院的Jones博士等开展了一项研究,对COPD患者确诊前的医疗模式及在此期间出现的合并症进行了评估。结果在线发表于The Lancet上。研究认为:重视下气道症状及COPD相关长期合并症,有助于COPD的早期诊断。

该项回顾性临床队列研究收集了英国全科医疗机构研究数据库,以及最佳患者护理研究数据库1990年1月1日-2009年12月31日间的数据。研究对象为初级医疗中心确诊的COPD患者(年龄≧40岁),有至少连续3年的相关临床资料。通过回顾患者确诊COPD前的医疗模式及合并症来判断患者是否在常规诊疗中错失了早期诊断COPD的良机。

如果依据患者的下呼吸道疾病(感染或非感染、需要药物治疗或无需药物治疗)、胸片结果以及所采用的医疗模式等诊疗过程不能确诊COPD,则该患者被认为错失了诊断良机。

研究共纳入38859例患者数据,其中85%(32900)在COPD确诊前5年错失了早期诊断机会。在确诊前6-10年、11-15年、16-20年错失早期诊断机会的患者人数分别为:12856、3943和95。

1990-2009年间,确诊患者的年龄逐渐年轻化(每年下降0.05岁),下呼吸道疾病发生率也逐年下降。在确诊前2年,6897例患者曾接受胸片检查,其中只有33%(2296)接受了肺功能检查。

在初级医疗中,女性患者更易错过早期诊断机会。需要药物治疗的下呼吸道疾病的发生率与COPD无显着相关性,但确诊前的下呼吸道病史却能增加COPD急性加重的风险。

研究认为,尽管早期诊断COPD的机会常易错失,但及时发现有下呼吸道症状及相应长期合并症有助改善这一情况。

因此研究提议,应对40岁以上,确诊哮喘、患有下呼吸道疾病或有任何呼吸道症状并在接受随访的吸烟者予以重视,尤其是男性吸烟者。

研究建议40岁或以上的现正或既往吸烟者,若患有需要药物治疗的下呼吸道症状,则应在就诊后6周返院进行肺功能检测。40或以上的吸烟者或非吸烟者,若因COPD相关疾病就诊,则应进行肺功能检查。

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    2015-02-01 howi
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    2014-02-20 gous
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    2014-02-18 116.226.55.67

    关键在于能早治疗吗?

    0

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