Immunity:中国学者揭示新冠肺炎与流感的免疫特征差异

2020-07-28 佚名 病毒学界

文章中系统描绘了新冠患者外周血免疫细胞的整体免疫反应特征,发现新冠肺炎患者免疫响应模式与发病轻重程度有密切关联

与其他已知的呼吸道传染病相比,新冠肺炎在临床和传播等方面都具有与众不同的特征,而人们对新冠肺炎的免疫反应机制以及与季节性流感相比的异同点了解尚少,而这些特征对于新冠的诊治和疫苗的研发具有重要的意义。

北京时间7月20日,中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所、深圳华大生命科学研究院、解放军总医院第五医学中心、北京地坛医院和深圳国家基因库等机构科学家联合在Cell子刊Immunity杂志(IF:22.5)上在线发表题为“Single-cell sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells revealsdistinct immune response landscapes of COVID-19 and influenza patients”的研究论文。

文章中系统描绘了新冠患者外周血免疫细胞的整体免疫反应特征,发现新冠肺炎患者免疫响应模式与发病轻重程度有密切关联;同时,利用单细胞测序对新冠和流感患者的外周血各种免疫细胞类型的响应情况进行了深度解析和比较,系统阐述了新冠和甲流感染免疫特征的异同点。该研究为理解新冠的发病机制、指导临床诊治和疫苗的研发及应用提供了重要的参考。

新冠肺炎和流感都是会引起患者体内细胞因子释放的呼吸道感染为主的疾病。在此项工作中,研究者利用单细胞测序技术,对不同疾病进程的新冠患者与流感患者的外周血单核细胞(PBMC)进行了转录组测序,描绘了新冠患者从感染早期到恢复期,病毒感染引起的宿主免疫变化,揭示了这两种不同的病毒性传染病各自特异的免疫反应全景图。

研究团队观察到,在新冠肺炎患者和甲流患者的外周血,负责产生抗体的浆细胞数目相较于正常人都显着增加。而XAF1-,TNF-和FAS-等凋亡通路相关基因在新冠患者外周血中特异性上调,预示了由这些基因诱导的T细胞凋亡可能是导致患者外周血中T细胞减少的原因之一。

进一步的分析显示,新冠患者与甲流患者相比,免疫反应激活的信号通路不同, 并且关键因子的表达存在显着性差异,新冠患者以STAT1和IRF3上调为主,而甲流患者则是STAT3和NFκB。此外,新冠患者外周血免疫细胞的干扰素刺激基因(interferon-stimulated genes,如:ISG15,IFI44L和MX1)显着上调,说明天然免疫响应在新冠患者中被大量激活。

最后,研究者还发现,新冠患者外周血免疫细胞的白介素6受体(IL6R)的表达显着增加,同时,血清检测也发现新冠患者,尤其是重症患者血液中的白介素6 (IL-6)浓度也相比正常人显着升高。这也证实了IL6R/IL-6这一对受体/配体可以成为抑制细胞因子风暴的靶点,也提示外周血单核细胞的IL6R表达量的检测对于新冠患者的诊治策略制定也具有一定意义。

中国疾控中心病毒病所刘军研究员、深圳华大生命科学研究院刘龙奇研究员、中国疾控中心高福院士、解放军总医院第五医学中心王福生院士为本文的共同通讯作者;深圳华大生命科学研究院研究人员朱琳楠、庄镇堃、王智锋、解放军总医院第五医学中心副研究员杨鹏辉、中国疾控中心病毒病所助理研究员赵迎泽、博士生张杰、北京地坛医院主任医师宋蕊为本文共同第一作者。该项研究得到了国家自然科学基金优秀青年项目、北京市科委科技新星计划、深圳市科创委及深圳市单细胞重点实验室的支持。

原始出处:Linnan Zhu, Penghui Yang, Yingze Zhao, et al. Single-cell sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells reveals distinct immune response landscapes of COVID-19 and influenza patients. Immunity. July 19, 2020 

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1193742, encodeId=04a91193e42ec, content=学习学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=120, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211111/81c0b64745c644319545ec26d7ef0b34/9ddb2864d5df4dd9bf4305e380bffc96.jpg, createdBy=c7835705079, createdName=屋顶瞄爱赏月, createdTime=Tue Feb 15 21:02:59 CST 2022, time=2022-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=885185, encodeId=7cbe885185e6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46ce580e865' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新冠肺炎#</a>与<a href='/topic/show?id=021b65306fb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#流感#</a>的免疫特征差异,但是二者结合,威力会不会大增?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=775, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58078, encryptionId=46ce580e865, topicName=新冠肺炎), TopicDto(id=65306, encryptionId=021b65306fb, topicName=流感)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Mon Sep 14 15:53:06 CST 2020, time=2020-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=915067, encodeId=06a991506e83, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=297, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=59321624668, createdName=zb1235672, createdTime=Sat Jan 09 22:13:42 CST 2021, time=2021-01-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2030405, encodeId=9f932030405c9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=25079e7287' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Immunity#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9772, encryptionId=25079e7287, topicName=Immunity)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/C4Qhy5XHSe503Qbjzc1UtDR83BCv66o6P2XRedX9ohsNGa3uEVicFFk2qkuX5zBSmpicepFySBrwoYknhqMdKmtw/132, createdBy=1aca2500179, createdName=12498d2fm51(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sat Dec 26 09:19:08 CST 2020, time=2020-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1309249, encodeId=2ea91309249be, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8dbb29086c6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#免疫特征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=29086, encryptionId=8dbb29086c6, topicName=免疫特征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e080359, createdName=surilei, createdTime=Wed Jul 29 17:19:08 CST 2020, time=2020-07-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1028346, encodeId=4d23102834653, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=287, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Tue Jul 28 05:19:08 CST 2020, time=2020-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-02-15 屋顶瞄爱赏月

    学习学习了

    0

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    2020-09-14 lovetcm

    #新冠肺炎##流感#的免疫特征差异,但是二者结合,威力会不会大增?

    1

    展开1条回复
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    2021-01-09 zb1235672

    学习了

    0

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    2020-07-28 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

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