ACS Nano:新的纳米颗粒基因治疗策略有效治疗患致命脑癌的老鼠

2015-02-10 MedSci MedSci原创

尽管在过去的几十年中,化疗和放疗方法在手术中已经得到改善,但可预见性的治疗脑胶质瘤的方法还不存在。对这种致命脑癌特定基因突变的新见解指出了基因治疗的潜在性,但是很难有效的将有毒或丢失的基因向脑肿瘤细胞传递。现在,约翰霍普金斯大学的研究人员报告说,他们已经成功的使用纳米粒子为老鼠的脑胶质瘤细胞提供了新的疗法,延长了它们的生命。这项研究的草案于本周出现了ACS Nano杂志的网站上。 以前对小鼠的研

尽管在过去的几十年中,化疗和放疗方法在手术中已经得到改善,但可预见性的治疗脑胶质瘤的方法还不存在。对这种致命脑癌特定基因突变的新见解指出了基因治疗的潜在性,但是很难有效的将有毒或丢失的基因向脑肿瘤细胞传递。现在,约翰霍普金斯大学的研究人员报告说,他们已经成功的使用纳米粒子为老鼠的脑胶质瘤细胞提供了新的疗法,延长了它们的生命。这项研究的草案于本周出现了ACS Nano杂志的网站上。

以前对小鼠的研究发现,纳米颗粒携带的基因可以被脑癌细胞摄取,并且这些基因可以随后打开。然而,这些生物降解级的纳米颗粒能够有效的杀死脑癌细胞并且延长动物存活时间,这还是第一次。

在这次研究中,约翰霍普金斯大学的研究团队设计并测试了多种由不同聚合物活塑料制成的纳米粒子。他们找到了能够将基因提供给大鼠脑癌细胞的良好的候选物质,他们将纳米颗粒填充了能够编码单纯疱疹病毒1型胸苷激酶(HSV tk)的DNA,果然效果不大的化合物为一种有效的治疗该杀死脑肿瘤细胞。这将一个具有低效果的化合物转变成一个能够杀死脑癌细胞的潜在治疗药物。当和一种叫做更昔洛韦的化合物结合的时候,这些填充了DNA的纳米颗粒能够在实验室条件下100%有效的杀死脑胶质瘤细胞。

约翰霍普金斯大学生物医学工程和眼科副教授乔丹•格林博士说: “然后,我们评估了该系统在大鼠脑胶质瘤的作用,结果发现,通过使用一种称为颅内对流增强交付方法,我们的纳米粒子通过单次注射能完全贯穿肿瘤穿透。当联合更昔洛韦全身给药时,恶性胶质瘤大鼠大鼠寿命明显比未接受这种治疗的时间长。”

除了揭示了可生物降解的聚合物纳米颗粒是基因递送胶质瘤的一个有效的方式,研究结果还表明,HSV tk非病毒DNA结合更昔洛韦给药具有有效的抗肿瘤作用。约翰霍普金斯大学神经外科副教授贝蒂•泰勒说:“到目前为止,这种类型的系统只使用与人类基因传递病毒的方法,其安全性仍存在严重争议。其他的研究,需要以查看这些纳米颗粒是否可以有效地提供给脑癌以及全身性癌症其他的抗肿瘤基因还会将进一步被研究。”

格林还指出,在这种治疗方法应用到临床治疗之前,其他的安全和有效性还需要进一步研究。他说:“在这种纳米传递系统应用中,什么是理想的基因组合还是未知的,我们将在其他的脑癌动物模型中继续评估这项技术。”

在目前的这种形势下,格林试想纳米颗粒系统在脑手术中局部给药的方法是在治疗神经胶质瘤中常用的。将来,这些纳米颗粒可以全身给药而不仅仅是直接大脑给药。泰勒说:“这些可喜的成果鼓励着我们,并期待优化这种新型纳米基因治疗策略的颅内分布。”

原始出处

Antonella Mangraviti, Stephany Yi Tzeng, Kristen Lynn Kozielski, Yuan Wang, Yike Jin, David Gullotti, Mariangela Pedone, Nitsa Buaron, Ann Liu, David R. Wilson, Sarah K. Hansen, Fausto J. Rodriguez, Guo-Dong Gao, Francesco DiMeco, Henry Brem, Alessandro Olivi, Betty Tyler, Jordan J. Green. Polymeric Nanoparticles for Non-Viral Gene Therapy Extend Brain Tumor Survival In Vivo. ACS Nano, 2015;

本文是MedSci编译,欢迎转载,转载请注明出处,非常感谢!

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    2015-02-16 windmilL1989

    以阅

    0

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    2015-02-12 yaanren
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    2015-02-10 114.90.43.**

    HSV tk非病毒DNA结合更昔洛韦给药具有有效的抗肿瘤作用。如果用化疗药呢

    0

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