Carcinogenesis:运动降低患癌风险?乳酸是“功臣”!

2017-03-20 佚名 转化医学网

数十年来,关于乳酸的研究大多关注其在运动中的作用,作为一种代谢副产物,它频繁出现在锻炼、增强肌肉的过程中。现在,有一项令人兴奋的新研究于最近发表在Carcinogenesis杂志上,该研究指出了乳酸分子一个更复杂而被人误解的作用:癌症发展和转移过程中的关键驱动因素。



数十年来,关于乳酸的研究大多关注其在运动中的作用,作为一种代谢副产物,它频繁出现在锻炼、增强肌肉的过程中。现在,有一项令人兴奋的新研究于最近发表在Carcinogenesis杂志上,该研究指出了乳酸分子一个更复杂而被人误解的作用:癌症发展和转移过程中的关键驱动因素。

文章作者认为这篇文章将帮助解释为什么锻炼的人患癌率较低,因为他们的机体可以更有效地加工代谢身体在代谢糖类物质过程中产生的乳酸。这项研究还可能导致新的癌症治疗方法。

“这篇文章帮我们开启了一扇研究癌症的新的大门,首次表明乳酸不仅出现在癌症发展过程中,而且对癌症发展的每一步都是必需的。”文章第一作者、来自科罗拉多大学博尔德分校的Inigo San Millan说道,他是科罗拉多大学博尔德分校体育表演系及生理实验室主任。

San Millan还是科罗拉多大学博尔德分校医学院物理医学和康复系副教授,他花了两年时间与加州伯克利大学的教授、知名乳酸研究者George Brooks合作完成了这项研究。该团队利用了数百项在科罗拉多大学博尔德分校、加州大学及其他地方进行的关于运动生理学和肌肉新陈代谢的研究数据,试图回答一个古老的问题:正常细胞如何变成癌细胞,期间发生了什么?

这个问题可以追溯到1923年,德国诺贝尔奖得主Otto Warburg发现和正常细胞相比,癌细胞摄入的糖类呈指数增加。同时癌细胞将糖类转化为ATP(或者能量)的能力变弱,会将70%的糖类转化为副产品--乳酸。这个现象--正常细胞通过异常的细胞代谢转化为癌细胞的首个标记--就是著名的Warburg效应。而这项最新研究就试图解释发生这个过程的原因。

San Millan解释道:“由于近年来癌症研究集中在基因组学上,因此大多数研究人员不再研究癌症代谢,因此乳酸的角色被忽略了。”他希望扭转这种趋势。

这篇文章揭示了乳酸在促进血管生成中的作用:它如何干扰机体对肿瘤的免疫反应;如何创造癌细胞外的酸性环境支持癌症转移。文章还提出了新理论:大多数癌症中发现的三种主要的转录因子(HIF-1、cMYC、p53)如何启动并保持肿瘤组织中乳酸的调节异常。文章还认为运动员在训练过程中肌肉发生的情况与癌症发展的情况相似。

“在高强度运动过程中,正在工作的肌肉有许多与癌细胞相似的代谢过程。”San Millan解释道。肌细胞会摄取大量的葡萄糖,在线粒体中将之转化为能量,并产生大量的乳酸。

Brooks的研究已经表明健康人体会将乳酸循环利用:将之转化为脑、肌肉及各器官的主要能量来源,以此防止乳酸堆积。但是肿瘤中该循环过程被打破。San Millan猜测经常运动的人患癌风险较低的部分原因就是他们的机体转化清除乳酸的能力更强,而久坐的生活方式结合过量的糖类摄入,将导致乳酸堆积,导致代谢异常,最终诱发癌症。

作者希望癌症研究人员能够将这篇文章作为未来研究的一个起点。同时,San Millan也正在研究乳腺癌细胞系,今年夏天他计划领导科罗拉多大学医院的研究人员一起研究个性化锻炼对癌症病人的影响。

最终,他希望这些研究能够产生针对癌症病人的新的运动、饮食计划、可以用于诊断乳酸代谢异常(癌症诱发标记物)的新型诊断技术或者靶向MCT转运体(负责将乳酸从一个细胞转移到另一个细胞的蛋白)的新药。

“我们希望能够提醒癌症研究领域的研究人员:要阻止癌症就必须阻止乳酸的异常代谢。”他说道,“我们有许多方式达到这个目的。”

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    2017-05-21 cy0324
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    2017-06-29 kalseyzl
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    2018-01-17 sjq027
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2048789, encodeId=dddc2048e8982, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4363e929ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gene#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7929, encryptionId=4363e929ad, topicName=Gene)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=63a4277, createdName=cy0324, createdTime=Sun May 21 15:26:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2024450, encodeId=3ab1202445048, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b10640893f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Carcinogenesis#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4089, encryptionId=b10640893f, topicName=Carcinogenesis)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b30126, createdName=skhzy, createdTime=Sat Nov 04 00:26:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1773590, encodeId=4ef31e73590c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5f014e1852' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CIN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4718, encryptionId=5f014e1852, topicName=CIN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a9a038523631, createdName=kalseyzl, createdTime=Thu Jun 29 14:26:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2061602, encodeId=0e1a2061602f1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e6e1e15509f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71550, encryptionId=e6e1e15509f, topicName=癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d58a435, createdName=sjq027, createdTime=Wed Jan 17 17:26:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1413449, encodeId=98401413449f9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3f225299942' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#患癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52999, encryptionId=3f225299942, topicName=患癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b2c2959841, createdName=zzc2212, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 00:26:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1588233, encodeId=5feb158823319, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1cb8e014e0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ESI#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7014, encryptionId=1cb8e014e0, topicName=ESI)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f4f817593223, createdName=skhzy, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 00:26:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1601402, encodeId=458e16014023d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5baa5299111' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#患癌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52991, encryptionId=5baa5299111, topicName=患癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=888f18872716, createdName=lq0307, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 00:26:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2048789, encodeId=dddc2048e8982, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4363e929ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gene#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7929, encryptionId=4363e929ad, topicName=Gene)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=63a4277, createdName=cy0324, createdTime=Sun May 21 15:26:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2024450, encodeId=3ab1202445048, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b10640893f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Carcinogenesis#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4089, encryptionId=b10640893f, topicName=Carcinogenesis)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b30126, createdName=skhzy, createdTime=Sat Nov 04 00:26:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1773590, encodeId=4ef31e73590c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5f014e1852' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CIN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4718, encryptionId=5f014e1852, topicName=CIN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a9a038523631, createdName=kalseyzl, createdTime=Thu Jun 29 14:26:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2061602, encodeId=0e1a2061602f1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e6e1e15509f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71550, encryptionId=e6e1e15509f, topicName=癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d58a435, createdName=sjq027, createdTime=Wed Jan 17 17:26:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1413449, encodeId=98401413449f9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3f225299942' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#患癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52999, encryptionId=3f225299942, topicName=患癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b2c2959841, createdName=zzc2212, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 00:26:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1588233, encodeId=5feb158823319, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1cb8e014e0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ESI#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7014, encryptionId=1cb8e014e0, topicName=ESI)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f4f817593223, createdName=skhzy, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 00:26:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1601402, encodeId=458e16014023d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5baa5299111' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#患癌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52991, encryptionId=5baa5299111, topicName=患癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=888f18872716, createdName=lq0307, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 00:26:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-03-22 skhzy
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    2017-03-22 lq0307

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