Neuron:改变神经调节素1的水平可以逆转精神分裂症样表型

2013-06-03 轻舟 生物谷

精神分裂症是精神分裂症是精神病中最常见的一种。发病率超过全球人口的1% ,给社会和家庭带来了沉重的经济负担。患精神分裂症病人会出现自己表示有幻觉,或者旁人可以发现他们的表现受幻觉影响; 还可能会出现社交或职业功能退化、 一些认知方面缺陷症状等。精神分裂症具有很强的遗传因素,长期以来被认为是一种不可逆的神经发育性疾病。然而,在最新一期的《神经元》上发表的由美国佐治亚医学院的梅林教授实验室的最新研究成

精神分裂症是精神分裂症是精神病中最常见的一种。发病率超过全球人口的1% ,给社会和家庭带来了沉重的经济负担。患精神分裂症病人会出现自己表示有幻觉,或者旁人可以发现他们的表现受幻觉影响; 还可能会出现社交或职业功能退化、 一些认知方面缺陷症状等。精神分裂症具有很强的遗传因素,长期以来被认为是一种不可逆的神经发育性疾病。然而,在最新一期的《神经元》上发表的由美国佐治亚医学院的梅林教授实验室的最新研究成果挑战了这一传统观念。

神经调节素1(Neuregulin1)是一种含表皮生长因子结构域的营养因子,在全世界不同人群的基因连锁研究中得到证实:神经调节素1是精神分裂症的一种易感基因。佐治亚医学院殷东敏博士,陈永君博士带领的研究团队首次创造了时空特异性表达的NRG1转基因小鼠(ctoNrg1小鼠)。其不仅可以模拟精神分裂症患者NRG1在前脑的高表达,并且也可以用强力霉素关闭NRG1的过表达。研究首先发现ctoNrg1小鼠出现了突触功能障碍以及精神分裂症相关的行为学异常。 其次在成年期关闭NRG1的过表达, 可以使ctoNrg1小鼠突触功能以及行为恢复正常。 并且,如果在发育过程中维持正常水平的NRG1,而仅仅在成年期过表达NRG1,小鼠同样也会表现出突触功能障碍及行为学异常。这些结果表明NRG1的高表达对大脑发育造成的损害是可逆的,而且成年期持续高表达NRG1对精神分裂症样表型仍然非常重要。 研究者们还发现一种叫做LIMK1的酶被过度激活可能是造成ctoNrg1小鼠突触功能障碍的主要原因。

该研究成果引起了广泛关注。美国国立卫生研究院精神卫生研究所所长Thomas R. Insel博士评论到这项研究可以为神经发育性疾病的可逆性提供理论依据。,并且为精神性疾病的治疗提供新的靶点。西班牙著名神经科学家Beatriz Rico在同一期《神经元》上为该文写了评论文章《给破碎的心灵一个新的开始:平衡Neuregulin 1可以翻转突触功能》。


Neuron    Doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2013.03.028

Reversal of Behavioral Deficits and Synaptic Dysfunction in Mice Overexpressing Neuregulin 1

Dong-Min Yin, Yong-Jun Chen, Yi-Sheng Lu, Jonathan C. Bean, Anupama Sathyamurthy, Chengyong Shen, Xihui Liu, Thiri W. Lin, Clifford A. Smith, Wen-Cheng Xiong, Lin Mei

Neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) is a susceptibility gene of schizophrenia, a disabling mental illness that affects 1% of the general population. Here, we show that ctoNrg1 mice, which mimic high levels of NRG1 observed in forebrain regions of schizophrenic patients, exhibit behavioral deficits and hypofunction of glutamatergic and GABAergic pathways. Intriguingly, these deficits were diminished when NRG1 expression returned to normal in adult mice, suggesting that damage which occurred during development is recoverable. Conversely, increase of NRG1 in adulthood was sufficient to cause glutamatergic impairment and behavioral deficits. We found that the glutamatergic impairment by NRG1 overexpression required LIM domain kinase 1 (LIMK1), which was activated in mutant mice, identifying a pathological mechanism. These observations demonstrate that synaptic dysfunction and behavioral deficits in ctoNrg1 mice require continuous NRG1 abnormality in adulthood, suggesting that relevant schizophrenia may benefit from therapeutic intervention to restore NRG1 signaling.


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    2014-04-06 by2021
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    2013-06-16 张先生

    这项研究可信吗

    0

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    2013-06-05 tastas