芬兰分子医学研究所:新冠肺炎重症或与基因变异有关

2020-11-03 新华社 新华社

同样感染新冠肺炎,为什么一些患者轻症治愈,而另一些患者病情严重?这是围绕新冠病毒的关键待解问题之一。据西班牙《世界报》网站10月29日报道,芬兰分子医学研究所的研究人员10月28日宣布,一项分析结果表

同样感染新冠肺炎,为什么一些患者轻症治愈,而另一些患者病情严重?这是围绕新冠病毒的关键待解问题之一。据西班牙《世界报》网站10月29日报道,芬兰分子医学研究所的研究人员10月28日宣布,一项分析结果表明,3号染色体上的一个基因变异与疾病最严重的形式之间存在关联。研究人员指出,拥有这种变异的人患上新冠肺炎的风险不会增加,但一旦感染就很有可能发展成重症。

研究主要作者之一安德烈亚·甘纳解释说:“目前,我们对这一基因区域的了解仍然很少,它可能具有治疗价值,但我对它能否在短期内实现没有把握。”他说:“因此,目前我们侧重于对生物学的理解,为以后的研究开辟新的途径。这或将有助于理解为什么有些人生病而另一些人不生病。”

报道称,这一领域的发现不仅能帮助抗击当前疫情,还有助于防范未来的病毒。目前有多个研究小组正在对这个染色体区域进行研究。他们一致认为,它控制了某些有利于病毒入侵以及随后出现细胞因子风暴的基因的表达。

报道还称,在大多数重症变异患者中,存在一个发病几天后出现的继发性恶化阶段。在某些情况下,这一阶段会导致免疫系统和炎症机制做出过度和异常的反应——细胞因子风暴,这意味着有关免疫控制的分子被大量释放,最终可能导致机体衰竭和瘫痪。

但是,具体机制和触发这一过程的特定基因尚不明确。3号染色体上可能对病情发展产生重要影响的基因变异,似乎主要涉及一个受6个基因调控的区域。

报道指出,新冠病毒已被证明能与细胞表面的ACE2蛋白结合,而这6个基因中恰好有一个与这种蛋白质相互作用,还有一个与肺部对病原体的炎症性免疫反应有关。

据报道,本周,美国耶鲁大学与麻省理工学院和哈佛大学共同创建的布罗德研究所组成的研究小组在美国《细胞》期刊上发表了对数亿个暴露于新冠病毒和MERS病毒的细胞进行检查的结果,印证了之前指出的ACE2基因可能是新冠病毒感染原因的研究。

耶鲁大学另一个研究小组也在本周发表一项研究称,除了得出与疾病相关的6个基因的相同结论外,研究人员还发现几个可能与新冠重症有关的炎症标志物与基因之间的关联。

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    2020-11-04 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

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    2020-11-03 ms9000001432751454

    一起加油

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