Mol Neurobiol:电针ST25通过胰腺固有神经系统的神经调节的降糖作用

2021-11-13 Vivi MedSci原创

电针刺激天枢穴通过胰腺固有神经系统(PINS)对HFD+STZ诱导的2型糖尿病(T2DM)大鼠模型β细胞功能障碍具有改善作用

2型糖尿病(T2DM)与肥胖密切相关,其特征是进行性胰腺β细胞功能障碍,并伴有胰岛素抵抗(IR)。胰腺β细胞功能障碍是T2DM发病机制的核心。在肥胖和IR的发展过程中保留β细胞功能将限制2型糖尿病的发展。

研究表明,针刺可调节脂质代谢紊乱,改善糖耐量(IGT),有利于T2DM的防治。电针(EA)可以降低血糖,能有效改善肥胖男性的脂肪积累;刺激双侧天枢穴(ST25)可有效调节空腹血糖、胰岛素、血脂代谢。EA可能是管理胰岛功能和治疗T2DM的一种选择,但针灸调节胰岛功能的机制尚不清楚。

此外,胰腺固有神经系统(PINS)参与葡萄糖稳态、胰岛素敏感性和胰腺β细胞功能,从而参与糖尿病的发病机制。提示内在神经系统是针刺调节血糖的神经机制之一。EA刺激ST25可通过抑制炎症因子和NK-κB降低胰腺炎症,可改善胰腺促炎因子和抗炎因子的平衡。

在分子神经生物学杂志发表的一项研究,假设EA刺激ST25将通过神经调节胰腺内分泌分泌产生降糖作用,探索其是否通过PINS对胰岛素抵抗(IR)、炎症严重程度和胰腺β细胞功能产生有益影响。

方法:SD大鼠分为模型组、EA组和对照组,先用高脂饮食(HFD)诱导IR,然后腹腔注射低剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)(35 mg/kg)建立T2DM模型,随机血糖水平大于16.7 mmol/L并保持2周为T2DM大鼠。而后治疗组给予EA (2 mA, 2/15 Hz)治疗28天。检测包括:血清代谢指标(空腹血清胰岛素、糖化血红蛋白、瘦素、GLP-1、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β)、随机血糖水平、葡萄糖耐量试验、胰腺HE染色观察病理、Western Blot、免疫荧光染色、PINS的电生理活动记录。

结果发现,模型大鼠血糖、胰岛素、IR和TNF-α水平升高,同时β细胞功能下降。HE检查显示胰岛有病理改变,经电刺激后恢复到接近正常水平。EA通过增加胰岛面积和减少空泡形成改善胰岛细胞形态。EA刺激ST25降低瞬时受体电位香草类受体1 (TRPV1)表达,增加P物质(SP)和降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)的表达。随后,通过TRPV1通道(SP/CGRP)-胰岛素回路,胰岛素分泌减少,胰腺内分泌功能受损恢复。EA增加胆碱乙酰转移酶和神经肽Y的表达,控制炎症。它还能增强可卡因和安非他明调节的转录本前肽的表达,促进胰高血糖素样肽-1的分泌。针刺时PINS电生理活动(2.71±1.72 Hz)明显高于针刺前(0.32±0.37 Hz)。

该研究证实了电针刺激天枢穴通过PINS对HFD+STZ诱导的T2DM大鼠模型β细胞功能障碍的有益作用,临床可考虑加以应用。

 

文献来源:

Xu Tiancheng., Yu Zhi., Liu Yun., et al.(2021). Hypoglycemic Effect of Electroacupuncture at ST25 Through Neural Regulation of the Pancreatic Intrinsic Nervous System. Mol Neurobiol. doi:10.1007/s12035-021-02609-1

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    2022-06-12 sunylz
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    2022-04-23 yulin2015
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传统上,2型糖尿病被认为是一种以胰岛素抵抗和胰岛素缺乏为特征的疾病。然而,这种疾病是异质性的。

OMCL:卒中前应用二甲双胍对2型糖尿病脑出血患者1年预后的影响

二甲双胍是治疗2型糖尿病的一线药物。它可以预防糖尿病并发症。最近的研究已经证实二甲双胍具有抗氧化作用。