Nat Commun:肿瘤研究新工具---特异性标记血管新生

2015-01-26 佚名 生物谷

血管为全身器官和组织运送氧气和营养物质,对机体组织的生长、再生、伤口愈合、组织修复以及胎儿生长大有益处,但同时也会成为感染导致的炎症扩散、肿瘤细胞入侵和转移的渠道。在原有毛细血管或微静脉的基础上通过血管内皮细胞的增殖和迁移,从已存在的血管处以出芽的方式产生新的毛细血管的,这一过程被称为血管新生(Angiogenesis)。血管新生是机体发育生长中的一个重要过程,在促血管新生因子和抑血管新生因子

血管为全身器官和组织运送氧气和营养物质,对机体组织的生长、再生、伤口愈合、组织修复以及胎儿生长大有益处,但同时也会成为感染导致的炎症扩散、肿瘤细胞入侵和转移的渠道。在原有毛细血管或微静脉的基础上通过血管内皮细胞的增殖和迁移,从已存在的血管处以出芽的方式产生新的毛细血管的,这一过程被称为血管新生(Angiogenesis)。

血管新生是机体发育生长中的一个重要过程,在促血管新生因子和抑血管新生因子的协同调节作用下有序的血管网络得以形成,而两类因子的失衡则可能导致疾病。在癌症、糖尿病眼病和类风湿性关节炎等疾病的发病过程中,病变组织中过量的血管新生促进了病程的发展。另一方面,在冠心病、中风和延迟伤口愈合等病理状况中,血管新生不足会引起局部血液循环不良、甚至组织坏死。因此,血管新生也成为治疗肿瘤、冠心病、失明等疾病的靶点。对血管新生标记物的研究以及利用它追踪血管新生的状态可以为肿瘤以及血管新生相关疾病提供新的治疗策略。

Apelin (Apln)是是一种具有广泛生理学功能的内源性多肽,属于G蛋白偶联受体Aplin受体(APJ)的内源性配体之一。正常的生理状态下,Apln参与调节心血管功能、心肌细胞分化以及心脏发育。Apln和APJ的表达受到缺氧诱导因子HIF家族的调控,处于发育或新生状态的血管中高表达这两种蛋白,而处于稳态的血管中这两种蛋白处于低表达状态。Apln-APJ信号轴还可通过增大血管的内径和内皮细胞屏障来促进血管成熟。此外Apln-APJ还高表达于各种肿瘤的内皮细胞中,通过比较肿瘤和正常组织内皮细胞的表达谱,可以认为Apln是肿瘤内皮细胞特异性表达的标志性基因。

研究人员采用心梗损伤、后肢缺血、皮下肿瘤以及自发肿瘤等小鼠模型探索了Apln-CreER对损伤修复以及肿瘤生长过程中的血管新生的标记功能。结果发现,Apln-CreER可以有效的标记心梗损伤和后肢缺血损伤再修复过程中的血管新生,也可以示踪肿瘤血管的新生。进一步的研究发现,Apln特异性的表达于肿瘤新生血管顶端的细胞,而该群细胞靠近肿瘤最缺氧的位置,这与以往的研究认为Apln受到缺氧诱导因子调控的结论相一致。

此外,该研究还利用Apln-CreER工具小鼠特异性清除新生血管内皮细胞和阻断VEGF-VEGFR2信号通路,达到了抑制肿瘤生长的效果。此项研究揭示了Apln可有效示踪血管新生并遗传操纵新生血管的基因表达,不仅为肿瘤抗血管新生的基础研究提供新的工具也为抗肿瘤治疗策略提供了新的思路。

原始出处

Qiaozhen Liu,Tianyuan Hu,Lingjuan He,Xiuzhen Huang,Xueying.Genetic targeting of sprouting angiogenesis using Apln-CreER.Nat Commun.2015
 

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    2015-02-22 liuli5079
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    2015-05-20 liye789132251
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    2015-01-26 223.104.5.**

    特异性值得怀疑

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