STM:研究发现早产或与胎盘中微生物有关

2014-06-10 佚名 新华社

美国一个研究小组说,孕妇胎盘并不像人们此前认为的那样是一个无菌环境,而是生存着一个小型但多元的微生物群落。这些微生物直接影响胎儿的健康,甚至可能与胎儿是否早产有关。微生物群落是细菌、病毒与真菌等的总称。休斯敦贝勒医学院副教授谢斯蒂·奥高及同事在美国《科学—转化医学》杂志上报告说,新研究表明,孕妇胎盘中的微生物可能来自口腔,说明孕妇口腔健康对胎儿健康至关重要。此外,早产胎儿与足月产胎儿的胎盘微生物群

美国一个研究小组说,孕妇胎盘并不像人们此前认为的那样是一个无菌环境,而是生存着一个小型但多元的微生物群落。这些微生物直接影响胎儿的健康,甚至可能与胎儿是否早产有关。

微生物群落是细菌、病毒与真菌等的总称。休斯敦贝勒医学院副教授谢斯蒂·奥高及同事在美国《科学—转化医学》杂志上报告说,新研究表明,孕妇胎盘中的微生物可能来自口腔,说明孕妇口腔健康对胎儿健康至关重要。此外,早产胎儿与足月产胎儿的胎盘微生物群落组成存在明显不同,说明胎盘微生物群落与早产之间可能存在关联

长期以来,医学界认为胎盘是一个无菌的环境。而奥高等人此前发现,婴儿出生时肠道内就有微生物群落存在,但与孕妇阴道中的微生物群落并不匹配,因此猜测新生儿肠道内的微生物群落存在其他来源,最有可能就是胎盘。

在新研究中,奥高等人利用宏基因组鸟枪测序法,分析320个来自捐赠的胎盘的微生物组成,发现胎盘中有大约300种微生物存在,不过水平较低,其中大多数微生物都发挥着重要作用,比如为发育中的胎儿代谢维生素。

宏基因组又称元基因组或生态基因组,是指与人类共生的全部微生物的基因总和。鸟枪测序首先将整个基因组打乱,切成随机片段,然后测定每个小片段的序列,最终利用计算机对这些切片进行排序和组装,并确定它们在基因组中的正确位置。

研究还表明,胎盘中数量最多的是肠道中常见的、不致病的大肠杆菌,两种口腔菌坦纳氏普雷沃氏菌与奈瑟菌数量也相对较多。总体而言,胎盘的微生物群落组成与在口腔中发现的微生物群落最为相似。

奥高猜测,口腔微生物可能首先“溜”入孕妇血液之中,然后迁徙到胎盘“定居”。她说,这说明女性怀孕期间保持口腔健康的重要性,“强化了一个长期以来的观点——牙周疾病与早产风险存在关系”。

研究人员还发现,早产孕妇胎盘的微生物群落组成不同于足月产孕妇的胎盘。但奥高表示,目前还不清楚是否是这种差异造成早产,接下来计划观察500多名有早产风险的孕妇,以进一步探究其中的联系,这也将有助于开发预测女性早产的诊断工具以及帮助她们预防早产的新策略。


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    2014-12-03 gdsun
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    2014-07-06 zhangjunxiao

    很好!学习了。

    0

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  据6月12日发表在《美国医学会杂志》上的一则研究披露,瑞典的一项包括了150万例的分娩案例研究指出,怀孕妇女在妊娠期间超重及肥胖与婴儿早产风险的增加有关,且与极端早产的最高风险有关。   根据文章的背景资料:“由于高流行率以及相关风险,怀孕妇女超重及肥胖已经在许多国家取代了吸烟而成为针对不良妊娠结果的最重要的可预防性风险因子。早产被定义为在妊娠达到37孕周前产下活婴,它是在非畸形婴儿中造成婴

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在甲状腺疾病增加妊娠并发症风险方面有不一致的报道。为了探讨妊娠并发症与常见和不常见甲状腺疾病的关系,来自美国国立卫生研究院的Pauline Mendola教授及其团队进行了一项研究,该研究发现甲状腺疾病与产科、临产和分娩并发症有关。该研究结果在线发表在2013年6月6日的《临床内分泌代谢杂志》(The journal of clinical endocrinology & metaboli

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意大利布雷西亚大学和民用医院的Mara Taraborelli进行了一项多中心研究,该研究目的是评价女性系统性硬化症(SSc)患者的胎儿和产妇状况。研究结果在线发布在2012年6月的《关节炎与风湿病》(ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM)杂志上,作者发现,女性SSc患者能有成功妊娠,但是她们发生早产、胎儿宫内生长受限和极低体重儿的风险高于一般产妇。妊娠过程中或者妊娠结束后病情进展

JAMA:早产和死胎与怀孕期间的细菌感染有关

据 3 月 19 日发表在《美国医学会杂志》上的一则研究披露,对一项从 2009-2012 年间在英格兰和威尔士对感染了流感嗜血杆菌这种细菌的育龄妇女的监测研究中,怀孕与发生这种感染的较大风险有关,后者则与诸如早产和死胎等不良妊娠后果有关。 流感嗜血杆菌可引起的疾病包括呼吸道感染。根据文章的背景资料,某些研究提示,在怀孕时罹患侵袭性流感嗜血杆菌性疾病的风险会增加,尽管这些情况所基于的病例数较少。

AJOG:17α-羟基黄体酮己酸盐并不能预防早产的发生

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