EB 2014:PI3K/mTOR特异性抑制剂BEZ235联合多柔比星可改善胰腺癌临床疗效

2014-05-20 MedSci MedSci原创

胰腺癌是美国癌症致死的第四大原因,而且在所有的主要癌症中胰腺癌的总存活率最低(<6%)。然而,目前针对胰腺癌治疗的方法疗效有效,据最新统计截止到2015年时,胰腺癌将上升至所有癌症死因中的第二位。通过外科手术移除肿瘤可为延长生存期提供最佳选择,然而对于胰腺癌,仅有15%的晚期胰腺癌患者通过常规诊断才能确定符合手术适应症。在过去的20年,胰腺癌患者的预后仅取得了有限的进展,目前对胰腺癌的新治疗方案和

胰腺癌是美国癌症致死的第四大原因,而且在所有的主要癌症中胰腺癌的总存活率最低(<6%)。然而,目前针对胰腺癌治疗的方法疗效有效,据最新统计截止到2015年时,胰腺癌将上升至所有癌症死因中的第二位。通过外科手术移除肿瘤可为延长生存期提供最佳选择,然而对于胰腺癌,仅有15%的晚期胰腺癌患者通过常规诊断才能确定符合手术适应症。在过去的20年,胰腺癌患者的预后仅取得了有限的进展,目前对胰腺癌的新治疗方案和治疗选择有很大的需求。

佛吉尼亚州立大学医学院Pauley心脏研究中心David Durrant正在研究一种针对胰腺癌治疗的新型组合治疗方法。传统的化疗药物,多柔比星(DOX),用于某些癌症的治疗已经很长时间了。然而,患者往往对多柔比星产生耐受性,这是因为人体对某一蛋白质活化的增强或者是药物载体的过度表达使得药物的细胞水平有所降低,这种情况对胰腺癌更是如此,胰腺癌对于多种治疗方案都不具有响应,包括那些含有多柔比星的治疗方案。目前的研究主要集中在针对这些耐药机制,这些机制也许会使癌细胞对多柔比星产生再敏感反应,给胰腺癌患者在反抗这种破坏性疾病的斗争中提供了另一种选择。

这项报告将在美国药理与实验治疗学会(the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics,ASPET)主办的实验生物学会议(Experimental Biology 2014)上公开发表。

在该项研究中,Durrant使用胰腺癌细胞来评估多柔比星联合一种抑制某一蛋白质参与多柔比星耐药的药物,称为BEZ235 (BEZ),它是PI3K/mTOR特异性抑制剂。研究结果表明,阿霉素和BEZ联合治疗与单独用药的疗效相比,可以显著降低胰腺癌细胞的存活率。DNA损伤的增加与细胞凋亡(程序性细胞死亡)具有相关性。更有趣的是,BEZ和多柔比星联合治疗可以显著提高多柔比星在癌细胞中的浓度水平。这些结果都表明了BEZ的双重疗效即:它的首要功能是抑制蛋白质参与抗药性机制,其次是具有抑制药物逸出的独特作用,这样便可以保证多柔比星在癌细胞中保持一定浓度。此外,在活体动物模型中进行的离体试验也表明了,多柔比星和BEZ在增强对癌细胞的杀伤性方面的作用。对移植入胰腺癌小鼠身上进行的多柔比星与BEZ联合治疗的试验中,也显示了联合治疗的疗效要优于任何单一的多柔比星或BEZ的疗效。

有关多柔比星联合BEZ治疗在增强胰腺癌细胞杀伤效果试验结果,是令人兴奋的,这些结果可能会带领临床试验,并可能促进针对胰腺癌患者可行的治疗方案的研发。

该项研究是由美国心脏协会和卫生MERIT Award国家机构支助。

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    2014-09-28 jklm09
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