AHA 2014:血管加压素治疗心搏骤停和创伤 可行?

2014-11-19 高晓方 译 医学论坛网

AHA科学年会复苏科学座谈会上的辩论显示,目前仍需更多研究以确定在心搏骤停或严重创伤患者复苏中应用血管加压素的利弊。 现有证据不足 多伦多大学Morrison教授表示,未来需要确定肾上腺素在心搏骤停中的最佳剂量和应用时机,哪些患者可从血管加压素中获益,以及快速推注和持续输注的选择。尽管一些研究显示肾上腺素可有有益于心搏骤停患者复苏,但仅有的一项肾上腺素与安慰剂随机对照试验并未得

AHA科学年会复苏科学座谈会上的辩论显示,目前仍需更多研究以确定在心搏骤停或严重创伤患者复苏中应用血管加压素的利弊。

现有证据不足

多伦多大学Morrison教授表示,未来需要确定肾上腺素在心搏骤停中的最佳剂量和应用时机,哪些患者可从血管加压素中获益,以及快速推注和持续输注的选择。尽管一些研究显示肾上腺素可有有益于心搏骤停患者复苏,但仅有的一项肾上腺素与安慰剂随机对照试验并未得出确定性结论。

远期安全性存争议

英国华威大学Perkins教授指出,尽管肾上腺素应用可能短期有益,但长期而言则有害。尽管心搏骤停患者可能实现自主循环恢复,但最重要的转归应是远期生存和安全出院。值得注意的是,超过50%实现自主循环恢复的患者在不久后发生了院内死亡,ICU患者死亡原因为不可逆的脑损伤。除对远期神经功能具有潜在不良影响之外,肾上腺素还有增加脓毒症患者血小板聚集、心肌功能障碍和死亡率的显著副作用。

美国俄勒冈卫生科技大学Schreiber教授表示,在创伤患者中复苏治疗的目标为恢复体内稳态,并可通过止血、纠正凝血异常、限制晶体复苏和全血置换等实现;血管加压素在类似患者的管理中毫无作用。

审慎应用可挽救生命

宾夕法尼亚大学Sims博士则指出,在出血性休克患者中,审慎应用血管加压素可挽救生命,并且相当一部分出血患者表现为加压素缺乏。许多创伤患者死于损伤后不久的失血性休克。晶体和血液制品积极复苏联合出血控制为标准治疗方案。血管加压素对此类患者的潜在益处包括预防和治疗心跳骤停、延长生存期以及改善脑和冠脉灌注。但她也指出,大容量复苏并不是“灵丹妙药”,因为它与各种各样的并发症有相关性,包括低温、稀释性凝血功能障碍和腹腔室隔综合征。

原始出处:

EXPERTS DEBATE USE OF VASOPRESSORS FOR CARDIAC ARREST, TRAUMA


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    2015-04-27 fyxzlh
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    2014-11-21 zhaohui6731
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