Nature Materials:微芯片揭示肿瘤细胞如何变侵袭细胞

2014-08-25 佚名 cnbeta

科学家用一种微芯片作为细胞的“障碍训练场”,揭示出细胞变形如何把肿瘤从良性变成了具有侵袭性的恶性肿瘤。相关论文发表在近期《自然-材料》杂志上。 在上皮—细胞间质转化(EMT)过程中,上皮细胞会和内部组织粘在一起变成间质细胞,才能扩散和迁移。在胚胎阶段这一过程是有利的,让细胞能在整个胚胎中移动,建立起各种组织。近来研究人员提出,EMT可能在癌症转移中也发挥作用,让癌细胞从肿瘤上脱离,转移到远处其

科学家用一种微芯片作为细胞的“障碍训练场”,揭示出细胞变形如何把肿瘤从良性变成了具有侵袭性的恶性肿瘤。相关论文发表在近期《自然-材料》杂志上。

在上皮—细胞间质转化(EMT)过程中,上皮细胞会和内部组织粘在一起变成间质细胞,才能扩散和迁移。在胚胎阶段这一过程是有利的,让细胞能在整个胚胎中移动,建立起各种组织。近来研究人员提出,EMT可能在癌症转移中也发挥作用,让癌细胞从肿瘤上脱离,转移到远处其他器官开拓新的“殖民地”。

“人们对EMT如何运作,以及它和肿瘤扩展之间有何关系很感兴趣,但还没人知道这是怎样发生的。”论文第一作者、布朗工程学院与生物医学工程中心副教授、麻省总医院博士后研究员王伊恩(音译)说。

为了理解癌细胞是怎样运动的,研究人员用微电子处理技术制作出一种PDMS芯片,由一个约半毫米见方的底盘覆盖一层微柱阵列构成,微柱直径10微米,间隔10微米,仅容细胞通过。利用显微镜和延时摄影技术,研究人员观察了细胞是怎样通过芯片的。

“基本上,这就像细胞的障碍训练场,这些柱子的大小和空间都是严格控制的。”王伊恩说,“我们能跟踪每个细胞,按细胞运动方式统计分析,给它们分类。”

在实验中,研究人员从基准良性癌细胞开始(上皮细胞开始表达一种特殊蛋白质),然后用化学物质诱导细胞变成恶性的和间质细胞。当所有细胞都完成转变后,它们就能在“障碍训练场”上自由运动了。实验显示,细胞表现出两种运动模式:多数细胞在群体中和其他细胞一起缓慢移动,少数细胞会脱离大部队,迅速覆盖到更大的地方。

“在细胞迁移时,EMT让癌细胞升级,把它们从‘经济车’变成快速‘跑车’。”王伊恩说,“我们的技术能同时跟踪数千辆‘车’,在拥堵的‘经济车’车流中,一些‘跑车’会全力向前开,另一些‘跑车’会另辟蹊径,绕道远处。”约84%的细胞会待在一起,在芯片底盘上慢慢前进;其他16%的细胞会跑到前面,迅速通过底盘。更令人吃惊的是,那些待在群体中的细胞开始再次表达上皮蛋白,这表明它们已经再次恢复成上皮细胞型。

王伊恩还指出:“根据这一发现,人们可以设计出有意义的治疗策略,开发一种能让间质细胞‘跑车’恢复为上皮细胞‘经济车’的药物,使它们堵在一起不能动,就不能去侵袭周围组织了。” 此外,本实验的技术也能用于前期测试抗迁移药物。

原始出处:

Ian Y. Wong, Sarah Javaid, Elisabeth A. Wong, Sinem Perk, Daniel A. Haber, Mehmet Toner & Daniel Irimia. Collective and individual migration following the epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Nature Materials, 17 August 2014 

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    2015-06-28 liye789132251
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880255, encodeId=8e461880255c7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sun Jun 28 19:42:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=11364, encodeId=731811364e4, content=期待EMT逆转, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f461104287, createdName=dongshuying, createdTime=Wed Aug 27 14:51:00 CST 2014, time=2014-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1312900, encodeId=48921312900b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4ce783062c7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肿瘤细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83062, encryptionId=4ce783062c7, topicName=肿瘤细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c859411, createdName=hmwwww, createdTime=Wed Aug 27 08:42:00 CST 2014, time=2014-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1458904, encodeId=077a14589049e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=53cc8691532' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#芯片#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86915, encryptionId=53cc8691532, topicName=芯片)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8bf76117088, createdName=lixiaol, createdTime=Wed Aug 27 08:42:00 CST 2014, time=2014-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=11298, encodeId=cd6111298da, content=什么时候能应用于实践治疗...., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=128, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9172107051, createdName=Dr30, createdTime=Mon Aug 25 18:08:00 CST 2014, time=2014-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2014-08-27 dongshuying

    期待EMT逆转

    0

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    2014-08-27 lixiaol
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    2014-08-25 Dr30

    什么时候能应用于实践治疗....

    0

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李凯:靶向药物效果——未疗先知or因治而变?

来自天津医科大学肿瘤医院的李凯教授分析了靶向药物效果:“未疗先知”还是“因治而变”? 肿瘤血管网中存在抗血管药物的特异性靶点(异常血管内皮细胞 )、其数量与初始疗效可能相关 :疗效可能治前评估。而抗血管生成治疗靶点的不稳定和肿瘤血管网的异质性导致了:原有靶点发生突变、新的靶点浮现出来、新的靶点又提供了新的治疗机会。 疗效需要动态观察、治疗应该“随靶而变” 不同于TKI,以抗血