Nature:干细胞移植需谨慎!TP53突变或使人癌上加癌

2017-05-05 佚名 转化医学网

目前,科学家已经发现在实验室中培养的干细胞可以在生长过程中获得某些特殊突变,但是这些突变的具体功能以及其对细胞生长带来的各种影响仍然未被科学家所探明。


目前,科学家已经发现在实验室中培养的干细胞可以在生长过程中获得某些特殊突变,但是这些突变的具体功能以及其对细胞生长带来的各种影响仍然未被科学家所探明。

为了进一步阐明体外干细胞培养中引入突变的具体功能,科学家们将测序技术引入了干细胞的研究过程中。在一项最新的研究中,哈佛大学科学家实验证明人类多能干细胞基因组中TP53基因相对更为易于发生突变,而突变后的TP53基因往往会推动癌症发展。

该研究对应的文章发表于最新上线的Nature杂志,题为“Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Recurrently Acquire and Expand Dominant Negative P53 Mutations。”在这篇文章中,哈佛大学科学家对140个人类胚胎干细胞蛋白质编码基因进行了具体的测序分析。

文章作者写道:“我们对五个独立的hES细胞系进行了研究,发现这些细胞系的TP53基因携带着六个人类癌症中常见的突变。在标准培养条件下,TP53突变体等位基因比重会随着传代次数增加而增加,表现出明显的选择优势。”除此之外,科学家还发现TP53基因座杂合性的丧失会进一步导致其选择优势的增加。

这些研究结果同时表明干细胞系在移植至患者体内之前应该接受更为深入的筛选。

该研究的共同作者Kevin Eggan博士说:“我们的研究结果强调了一个再生医学领域亟需关注的问题。在干细胞的生产和临床治疗方面,应该执行一系列更为严格的质量控制过程。幸运的是,我们目前拥有更为灵敏和便宜的测序技术来对这些体外培养干细胞的安全性进行检测。”

另一位作者Steve McCarroll补充说:“实验室中生长的细胞像身体中的细胞一样,一直在发生着各种各样的突变。大多数基因突变对于组织或细胞系几乎没有影响,但癌症相关突变却能够使这些干细胞的生长速度远远超过其他细胞,变得越来越多并逐渐“接管”一个组织。”

虽然发生TP53基因突变的细胞系数目大约仅占全部研究细胞系的5%,但其在广泛的组织类型中仍然具有接近100%的癌症发生风险。

Eggan博士同时强调:“TP53突变会使包括胰腺,脑,血液,骨骼,皮肤,肝脏和肺等诸多组织器官发生癌变,而这类器官所发生的疾病或者癌症的治疗也正是目前干细胞技术的重要应用领域。”

虽然越来越便宜的基因测序技术将使得研究人员能够通过干细胞的移植前筛查来确保病人的安全,但科学家和临床医生仍然需要更多的研究与临床实验来确保源自iPSC细胞的移植细胞不存在其他危险突变。

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    2018-03-07 liye789132251
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    2017-05-23 1e145228m78(暂无匿称)

    学习了,谢谢作者分享!

    0

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    2017-05-07 zhishijing
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1658807, encodeId=81cc165880eca, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c40ce798412' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#细胞移植#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=77984, encryptionId=c40ce798412, topicName=细胞移植)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ad4724938298, createdName=limedical1982, createdTime=Sun Dec 03 02:33:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1881996, encodeId=0e431881996eb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Mar 07 03:33:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=201508, encodeId=e57020150888, content=学习了,谢谢作者分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3xJXLtMtt5B40XXuPjn9xn1rBhrM6fHLkX1hI86ZoWoPJkgDkZuJNKkBfBHOcRd1fAdezg7JlHNOokohdAp3WkI/0, createdBy=32c81964262, createdName=1e145228m78(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue May 23 06:42:27 CST 2017, time=2017-05-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1372374, encodeId=e95a13e2374c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d861362e53' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#p53#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13627, encryptionId=9d861362e53, topicName=p53)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5d70341, createdName=zhishijing, createdTime=Sun May 07 02:33:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1458433, encodeId=e90f1458433ae, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=50a81e6869e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TP53#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17686, encryptionId=50a81e6869e, topicName=TP53)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2d276073420, createdName=zblhy, createdTime=Sun May 07 02:33:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=194464, encodeId=cb98194464c7, content=万岁都有两面性, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuK9CDibOwszLoEBg36ZXqzB5NDasNV9GTfFDmBicM1V8hUS4OtTicG3IiaFIKq4wqD23LUxORRJXqjVs/0, createdBy=00e81647535, createdName=I come, createdTime=Sat May 06 08:57:57 CST 2017, time=2017-05-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=194198, encodeId=8e5c19419825, content=任何事物都有两面性,干细胞一直也是!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=00501987275, createdName=130****4638, createdTime=Fri May 05 14:35:30 CST 2017, time=2017-05-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=194130, encodeId=0b9d19413073, content=谢谢分享,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6Nx0VGA4QMDzOP8oAgnV4h51EjSfehJ9QxyiaSmw8PB56BhY8KXFSxHCibXrzcy4abrzSibXQPxJ9kzrLcJyhhB8a/0, createdBy=1d3b1672603, createdName=明月清辉, createdTime=Fri May 05 12:13:15 CST 2017, time=2017-05-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-07 zblhy
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    2017-05-06 I come

    万岁都有两面性

    0

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    2017-05-05 130****4638

    任何事物都有两面性,干细胞一直也是!

    0

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    2017-05-05 明月清辉

    谢谢分享,学习了

    0

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