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综述：应用病毒载体抑制癌细胞转移

2011-07-14 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

病毒载体癌细胞
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文献标题：Viral delivery for gene therapy against cell movement in cancer 文献出处：Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews,2011,63(8):671-677 期刊影响因子：3.567 PMID：21616108          国际著名学术

文献出处：Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews,2011,63(8):671-677
期刊影响因子：3.567
PMID：21616108


 
       国际著名学术期刊《先进药物递送综述》（Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews）在7月最新一期上发表了中科院上海巴斯德研究所研究员周东明有关基因治疗中应用病毒载体抑制癌细胞转移的研究综述。
 
       癌转移是大部分癌症患者因肿瘤负荷和器官功能障碍而死亡的主要原因。在癌转移中，肿瘤细胞在机体中迁移，播散到远侧器官中生长、繁殖，从而在正常组织中建立继发肿瘤。
 
      “转移性肿瘤可以致命，在临床上难以被治疗。”专家认为，传统的放疗或化疗在限制癌细胞的增殖和迁移方面效果有限，而应用病毒载体对癌症进行基因治疗是一种很有前途的方法。在癌症基因治疗中，治疗方法包括用载体把功能正常的抑瘤基因、免疫细胞因子或MicroRNA等运载到肿瘤细胞。相对于非病毒载体，病毒载体更能有效地将目的基因运载到靶细胞。在靶细胞中表达携带基因的病毒载体可以是复制型或非复制型。由于非复制型病毒载体比复制型病毒载体相对安全，在过去20年中，非复制型病毒载体在疫苗研发和基因治疗中已被广泛研究。其中，常见的被改造为复制缺陷型载体的病毒有腺病毒、腺相关病毒、慢病毒和疱疹病毒。
 
       近年来，用于癌症基因治疗的病毒载体已从非复制型病毒载体转向为复制型或溶瘤型病毒载体。病毒在癌细胞中的选择性复制可不断增加病毒量，导致癌细胞被病毒介导的溶瘤机制杀死。复制型病毒还可以从局部肿瘤传播到其他癌细胞，不停地引起感染、复制和溶瘤的循环。
 
       传统溶瘤型载体主要致力于降低肿瘤的生长，而新型载体同时靶向肿瘤细胞中上皮—间质转化（EMT），这可能进一步防止和逆转侵袭性肿瘤发展。在这篇综述中，周东明重点举例说明肿瘤基因治疗的临床试验以及临床前数据，并进一步提出在癌症基因治疗中提高溶瘤病毒载体的安全性和有效性的建议。
 
       目前，周东明研究组正在从事以新型腺病毒为载体的疫苗及其相关研究，其研究得到了中科院知识创新工程的支持。

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    2012-04-30 ewsr12

    #病毒载体#

    0

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    2011-09-08 mei539

    #载体#

    0

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    2011-07-16 yxch36

    #癌细胞#

    0

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    2011-07-16 zz72

    #细胞转移#

    0

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    2011-07-16 yinhl1984

    #癌细胞转移#

    0