Genes Dev:科学家发现一种新肺癌

2018-06-28 艾曼 生物探索

小细胞肺癌(SCLC)约占肺癌的10%-15%,是一种没有特定治疗方案的癌症,恶性程度高,转移早而广泛。传统的放化疗和手术治疗仅仅只能让6%的患者在确诊后存活5年。现在,科学家们意外发现了一种新型的小细胞肺癌。


图片展示的是小鼠肺部支气管细胞,其中红色和蓝色细胞是支气管上皮的一部分,而蓝绿色标记的是簇状细胞(tuft cell),一种罕见的细胞类型(蓝绿色)。研究表明,一种最新被发现的肺癌,源于簇状细胞(过度表达一种与基因调控有关的蛋白POU2F3)。图片来源:Vakoc Lab, CSHL

“癌症是一个统称,背后有数百种不同的疾病。异质性让很多肿瘤学家很无奈,因为一种有前途的新药只在一部分患者身上表现良好。科学家们越来越相信,依据有意义的生物学特质对肿瘤进行分类,有助于找到对特定候选药物有反应的患者群体。”团队负责人、冷泉港实验室(CSHL)的副教授Christopher Vakoc表示道。

他带领研究团队在《Genes & Development》上发表了这一项最新成果,为开发针对这一新发现的肿瘤类型的个性化医疗方案提供了线索。


doi:10.1101/gad.314815.118

Christopher Vakoc团队对人类SCLC肿瘤进行基因分析,在约20%的样本中发现了一种意想不到的基因表达模式——肺神经内分泌细胞(被认为是SCLC的来源)中缺乏神经内分泌标志物。

为进一步了解这一小部分细胞,研究团队使用了他们在2015年开发的一种方法:使用基因编辑技术CRISPR筛选对多种人类癌症细胞(包括SCLC)生长至关重要的蛋白质。他们发现,一种转录因子POU2F3仅在少数神经内分泌标志物水平较低的SCLC肿瘤中过度表达。

而且,POU2F3被证实是这一SCLC肿瘤(肺神经内分泌细胞缺乏分泌标志物)中一类罕见细胞——簇状细胞(tuft cells)的主要调控因子。这意味着,簇状细胞是特定SCLC肿瘤的起源。

研究表明,大多数SCLC肿瘤可以根据POU2F3、ASCL1或NEUROD1的表达情况分成3类。

“过去,因为在显微镜下相似,我们并未对SCLC进行分类。现在,我们可以依据分子测试鉴别这类恶性肿瘤。” 文章一作、博士后Yu-Han Huang表示,“我们的研究结果表明,我们应该对不同类型的SCLC患者制定不同的临床试验,从而挖掘个性化的治疗方案。”

“在研究过程中,我们意外发现了一种新的肺癌。” Christopher Vakoc表示道,“研发专门靶向POU2F3功能的药物可能对POU2F3高表达的肿瘤患者特别有效。”

原始出处:

Yu-Han Huang, Olaf Klingbeil, Xue-Yan He, et.al. POU2F3 is a master regulator of a tuft cell-like variant of small cell lung cancer. Genes Development May 10, 2018

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    2018-10-01 fzwish20000
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    2018-10-21 cy0324
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    2018-07-08 1e145228m78(暂无匿称)

    学习了.谢谢作者分享!

    0

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