NeuroImage:我国科学家首次绘制脑发育黄金期生长曲线

2022-04-21 上海交通大学 上海交通大学

脑是人类智慧的所在。6岁时,儿童的大脑成熟度超过90%。因此,6岁之前被认为是脑发育的“黄金”期,是感知觉经验和智力发育的核心阶段。多种遗传、环境因素引起的脑发育异常(如自闭症

脑是人类智慧的所在。6岁时,儿童的大脑成熟度超过90%。因此,6岁之前被认为是脑发育的“黄金”期,是感知觉经验和智力发育的核心阶段。多种遗传、环境因素引起的脑发育异常(如自闭症),多于此年龄阶段累积并呈现症状。童年脑发育与功能的完善,不仅是人脑早期发展与重塑的基石,也是人生意义和价值判断形成的生理基础,是毕生幸福感的源泉。

长久以来,受到临床检查手段、家长与儿童配合度、神经影像模型构建方法等限制,人脑发育期的影像图谱研究多集中在6岁以后的年龄段,严重制约了人们对脑发育关键期的机制理解,也阻碍了基于影像技术对脑发育疾病的早期诊断体系的进展。因此,脑发育领域中始终缺乏“生长曲线”这一“度量衡”的构建,使得我们无法对儿童的脑发育状态实施“脑龄”、“脑发育得分“等精准评估。

上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心杨志教授、袁逖飞教授与浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院的傅君芬教授、张洪锡主任及合作者基于近十年的儿童脑影像数据积累,联合发布了首个儿童1-6岁脑生长曲线模型,精细刻画了脑在发育黄金期的结构变化,发展了儿童的个体化发育状态评估方法。

研究团队首先系统描绘了脑主要组织(皮层体积、皮层厚度、脑白质体积、皮层下核团体积)随年龄的变化规律(图1),进一步针对各个脑区如扣带回、额叶皮层、杏仁核、海马等)实现精细分割并绘制图谱,阐明其动态变化规律(图2)。

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图1. 大脑皮层厚度在发育期的动态变化
 

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图2.不同脑区厚度与体积随年龄变化规律
 
进一步,研究团队致力于构建儿童脑生长曲线,以实施“个体化脑检查”与“脑发育得分”的评估。团队构建了总共90个脑形态特征的生长曲线模型,用于评估儿童的每个脑结构在同龄、同性别群体中的相对位置,即“脑发育得分”,从而显示某些脑结构的发育异常。团队结合“脑发育得分”和机器学习技术,准确识别了儿童的语言言语发展迟缓症状,准确率达87.5%(图3)。

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图3. 儿童脑生长曲线图表(仅展示部分脑区)及识别脑发育异常的应用
 
这些研究为脑发育黄金期的个体化、精细化评估提供了标准化模型,也为多种脑发育疾病的早期识别、诊断与个性化评定提供了重要依据。“脑发育得分”的精准评估,是儿童脑科学研究的基础工具;不同脑区的个体化生长曲线,有助于揭示智力、情感、人格、幸福感、创造力等重要脑功能的发育模式,也为童年教育中的因材施教、个体化培养提供了新途径。

该研究于2022年4月14日在线发表在国际著名神经影像学期刊《NeuroImage》上(doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119178)。杨志、袁逖飞、傅君芬为通讯作者,张洪锡和李嘉为第一作者。该研究受到了国家自然科学基金等项目资助。

原始出处:
Hongxi Zhang, Jia Li, Xiaoli Su, Yang Hu, Tianmei Liu, Shaoqing Ni, Haifeng Li, Xi-Nian Zuo, Junfen Fu, Ti-Fei Yuan, Zhi Yang, Growth charts of brain morphometry for preschool children,NeuroImage,2022,119178

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1950564, encodeId=f4ea195056487, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=24aa84e7146' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑发育#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84771, encryptionId=24aa84e7146, topicName=脑发育)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8ebc122, createdName=yankaienglish, createdTime=Mon Feb 27 22:58:42 CST 2023, time=2023-02-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1219277, encodeId=b99212192e791, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f72b1400629, createdName=shirly.li19560809, createdTime=Fri May 13 08:59:53 CST 2022, time=2022-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1347620, encodeId=3511134e6202e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=88713e938c1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#发育#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37938, encryptionId=88713e938c1, topicName=发育)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f4c124, createdName=neurowu, createdTime=Sat Apr 23 07:58:42 CST 2022, time=2022-04-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1213331, encodeId=ea8b1213331b4, content=好高深, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b1336480733, createdName=ms7000000086351306, createdTime=Fri Apr 22 00:07:57 CST 2022, time=2022-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-05-13 shirly.li19560809

    学习了

    0

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    2022-04-23 neurowu
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    2022-04-22 ms7000000086351306

    好高深

    0

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