科学家发现阻止乳腺癌转移的新方法

2016-05-26 佚名 来宝网

杜克癌症研究所的科学家们乳腺癌细胞用于入侵小鼠骨髓的分子钥匙,入侵到骨髓后癌细胞就可以避免被化学疗法或激素疗法清除。通过多年在小鼠上的试验,科学家们找到了对抗这种转移的方式,不光以阻止癌细胞侵入骨髓,还可以将癌细胞冲到血液中,在血液中癌细胞就可以被药物破坏了。这些发现为那些最具毁灭性的乳腺癌提供了一些信息,这些癌细胞具有被打败后卷土重来的能力。研究人员希望这些发现,如果可以在其他动物和人类试验中重




杜克癌症研究所的科学家们乳腺癌细胞用于入侵小鼠骨髓的分子钥匙,入侵到骨髓后癌细胞就可以避免被化学疗法或激素疗法清除。

通过多年在小鼠上的试验,科学家们找到了对抗这种转移的方式,不光以阻止癌细胞侵入骨髓,还可以将癌细胞冲到血液中,在血液中癌细胞就可以被药物破坏了。
这些发现为那些最具毁灭性的乳腺癌提供了一些信息,这些癌细胞具有被打败后卷土重来的能力。研究人员希望这些发现,如果可以在其他动物和人类试验中重现,最终就可以发展成治疗乳腺癌的新疗法。

杜克癌症研究所血液恶性肿瘤与细胞疗法部副教授Dorothy A. Sipkins博士称,临床研究发现乳腺癌可以早起被发现并治疗,患者可能没有任何症状。此后,5年、10年甚至15年以后,患者就可能复发。最常见的癌症转移点是骨骼。

5月26日发表在《科学转移医学》上文章中,作者描述了雌激素受体阳性肿瘤细胞是如何在小鼠血液和组织中转移的,这些细胞会专门寻找骨髓中含有E-选择素分子的血管。有了分子钥匙,也就是细胞表面上与E-选择素键合的分子,癌细胞就可以进入骨骼中的海绵组织,通常会在此处潜伏几年。据美国临床肿瘤协会统计,激素受体阳性乳腺癌是最常见的乳腺癌,这种肿瘤细胞会利用人体的雌激素或黄体酮来生长。

本文的第一作者Sipkins称,在人体中,这些潜伏的细胞可以以后再复活,导致癌症转移复发,这种病情是无法治愈的。人类乳腺癌患者的骨髓切片显示即使在癌症早期,转移的癌细胞就可以从乳腺中转移到骨髓中。

一种对策就是找到可以抑制E-选择素的方法,这样就可以限制癌细胞迁移入骨骼并复发的能力。科学家们用一种名为GMI-1271的E-选择素抑制剂,这个抑制剂目前正在人类临床试验中。发现这个化合物可以成功阻止癌细胞进入小鼠骨髓。

因为癌细胞的微观转移到骨髓可能会在患者被确诊前就发生了,研究人员还对另一种方法进行了测试,这种方法可以将癌细胞赶出它们在骨髓里的安全屋,回到循环系统。科学家们给小鼠用普乐沙福,这是一种用于人体骨髓捐献者的药物,可以将干细胞赶入血液循环中。

Sipkins称,这个药物可以将潜伏的乳腺癌细胞从骨组织中赶到血液中。研究人员认为使癌细胞赶回血液可以给免疫系统、化疗或激素疗法新的杀死癌细胞的机会。她和同事希望能对此方法进行进一步研究。

我们希望能通过了解癌细胞如何在体内迁移和它们的生命周期,来发现使癌细胞更加脆弱更好对付。我们希望能在小鼠的研究上有更多进展,来对此有更深入的了解,然后再进行人体试验。

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    2016-09-30 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    拜读,好文

    0

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    2016-09-11 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    好文章,百姓也能从中学到好多医学知识

    0

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    2016-06-03 QQ8ac9944a

    希望能早日用于临床,选福病人。

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    2016-05-27 jasonuclear

    希望早日应用于临床

    0

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