Hypertension:抗高血压药对老年人跌倒、晕厥和直立性低血压的影响

2019-09-03 xing.T MedSci原创

由此可见,在老年人中,抗高血压药物的选择对跌倒、晕厥或OH长期风险没有影响。然而,氨氯地平在服用1年内增加了跌倒的风险。这些短期调查结果需要进一步确认。

高血压治疗与跌倒、晕厥和体位性低血压(OH)有关,这是老年高血压患者常见的事件。抗高血压药物的选择是否会影响老年人跌倒、晕厥和OH的风险尚不清楚。近日,心血管权威杂志Hypertension上发表了一篇研究文章,ALLHAT(抗高血压和降脂治疗以预防心脏病发作试验)是一项随机临床试验,该研究旨在比较高血压治疗对致命性冠心病或非致死性心肌梗死的影响(1994-2002)。

在年龄在65岁及以上的ALLHAT参与者亚群中,研究人员使用Cox回归分析确定了基于医疗保险和医疗补助服务中心和退伍军人事务部索赔的跌倒、晕厥、OH或复合事件的相对风险。研究人员在调整了年龄、性别和种族的Cox模型中确定了自我报告的阿替洛尔使用与结局之间的关联。

在23964名参与者(平均年龄为69.8±6.8岁,45%为女性,31%为非西班牙裔黑人)平均随访4.9年,研究人员确定了267例跌倒患者,755例晕厥患者,249例OH患者和1157例复合事件患者。随机药物分配的事件累积发生率没有显著差异。然而,与氯噻酮相比,氨氯地平(风险比[95%CI]:2.24 [1.06-4.74]; P=0.03)或赖诺普利(风险比[95%CI]:2.61 [1.03-6.72]; P=0.04)在随访的第一年内患者跌倒的风险增加。使用阿替洛尔(N=928)与跌倒、晕厥、OH或复合事件均无关。

由此可见,在老年人中,抗高血压药物的选择对跌倒、晕厥或OH长期风险没有影响。然而,氨氯地平在服用1年内增加了跌倒的风险。这些短期调查结果需要进一步确认。

原始出处:

Stephen P. Juraschek.et al.Effects of Antihypertensive Class on Falls, Syncope, and Orthostatic Hypotension in Older Adults The ALLHAT Trial.Hypertension.2019.https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.13445

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    2020-01-11 仁心济世
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    2019-09-05 lily1616
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