Cell Research :揭示适应性免疫失调在新冠肺炎COVID-19重症发生中的重要作用

2020-08-15 BioArt

新冠感染已经形成了全球的流行,新冠感染疾病的本质是免疫反应失调。因此研究免疫反应在感染过程中的变化,有助于阐明COVID-19特别是重症的发病机制,并为临床治疗提供理论基础。

新冠感染已经形成了全球的流行,给各国人民的工作和生活,以及全球的经济带来了严重的影响。新冠感染疾病的本质是免疫反应失调。因此研究免疫反应在感染过程中的变化,有助于阐明COVID-19特别是重症的发病机制,并为临床治疗提供理论基础。细胞因子风暴和淋巴细胞下降是新冠感染的两大特征,也是患者预后不良的相关因素,提示天然免疫反应和适应性免疫反应对病毒的清除和疾病的发生都具有重要作用。目前已经有大量关于细胞因子风暴的研究,也开展了通过降低某些细胞因子进行治疗的临床试验。但是对适应性免疫反应在COVID-19中的作用与机制的研究较少。

2020年8月5日,中山大学肿瘤防治中心周鹏辉团队,联合中山大学附属第五医院黄曦团队,中山大学眼科中心魏来团队,中山大学附属第三医院林炳亮团队,中山大学肿瘤防治中心左志向团队,福建省立医院谢宝松团队,第二军医大学魏博团队在Cell Research上发表了题为Dysregulated Adaptive Immune Response Contributes to Severe COVID-19的论文。作者通过对不同病程的 COVID-19 外周血样本进行单细胞测序发现,COVID-19重症患者的淋巴细胞中同时发生了T效应细胞比例严重下降和B效应细胞比例的显着上升。结合目前已经报道的研究结果,即抗体的一过性升高预示着新冠感染患者的不良预后,也是SARS中死亡患者的重要特征,作者认为这种细胞免疫反应严重下降而抗体反应异常升高的适应性免疫失调可能是重症发生的重要原因。

在固有免疫和适应性免疫反应的协同作用下,病毒感染通常能够在大约10天左右的时间内被清除。为何部分感染新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2的患者没有及时清除病毒,并转化为重症最终死亡呢?由于淋巴细胞下降是重症的一个重要特征,作者首先统计了284例新冠患者在不同年龄段中的淋巴细胞下降发生率,发现随着年龄的增长,淋巴细胞下降发生率也在增加,在老龄患者中尤为明显,其中80岁以上患者的发生率为100%。鉴于老龄患者中发生重症的比例很高,结合老龄患者中高发的淋巴细胞下降,作者推测适应性免疫失调可能是导致老龄患者重症发生的重要诱因。

作者团队收集了13例新冠样本(包括重症前、重症、重症后、轻症后和轻症恢复期)以及3例正常对照的外周血进行了单细胞测序,通过单细胞聚类分析,发现T效应细胞在总淋巴细胞中的比例在重症和重症后均出现强烈的下降,而B效应细胞在重症患者外周血总淋巴细胞中的比例则只在重症时出现了一过性的升高。T效应细胞主要通过直接杀伤被病毒感染的细胞限制病毒在体内的扩增和生产。这些细胞的缺失,将会导致感染部位病毒载量的迅速上升。而此时所发生的B效应细胞显着升高,将产生大量能够结合病毒的抗体,并通过抗体的Fc段与天然免疫细胞的Fc受体结合,介导病毒直接进入天然免疫细胞,这个过程就是我们通常讲的ADE(Antibody dependent enhancement)。ADE会造成两个严重的后果:1)会进一步促进炎症因子的产生,因为巨噬细胞等天然免疫细胞对病毒非常敏感,在病毒进入细胞后,会其产生大量的细胞因子;2)病毒进入天然免疫细胞后,会降低其吞噬病毒的能力,从而导致天然免疫系统的崩溃。

接下来作者团队研究了为什么T效应细胞会在重症中快速下降。他们通过将CD8 T细胞进一步分群,来观察CD8 T细胞各亚群在COVID-19不同病程中的变化。发现有一群干细胞样的记忆细胞(Tm-2)在整个过程不但没有下降,而是在重症中比例显着升高。随后将这群细胞和CD8效应细胞进行基因差异表达分析,发现这群细胞具有独特的表达谱系,并高表达胸腺肽a1(Ta1)的前体基因PTMA。由于Ta1参与T淋巴细胞的发育分化,并在脓毒症等感染重症中表现出了较好的疗效,作者推测Ta1可能保护了这群记忆细胞。随后的体外功能验证发现Ta1处理可以降低T细胞的激活强度,但不影响T细胞的总体激活,并显着提高了T效应细胞的数量。来自于火神山医院的初步临床观察数据证实了Ta1对T细胞的保护作用,重症患者在使用Ta1处理1周后淋巴细胞计数显着上升。

综合这些结果表明,在免疫系统正常的感染者中,固有免疫反应和适应性免疫反应能够协同合作,有效地清除新冠病毒的感染。但是在老年患者和有基础疾病的患者中,失调的适应性免疫反应可能通过诱导ADE的发生,介导固有免疫反应的失能,从而导致整个免疫系统的全面崩溃,失去对病毒的控制,并产生各种机会性感染和并发症,发展为重症。

因此,作者认为早期对适应性免疫反应进行调整和干预,是预防重症的重要手段。由于Ta1能够减少T细胞的过度激活并保护T效应细胞,早期监控新冠患者的T效应细胞变化,对发生了淋巴细胞下降的患者进行Ta1治疗,将可能保护T细胞免疫反应,阻止重症的发生。同时,发生淋巴细胞严重下降的患者,如果出现抗体滴度的突然升高,建议使用丙球进行干预治疗。因为丙球的主要成分为IgG,,能够与Fc受体结合,阻断ADE的发生。并且目前已有报道表明丙球对重症患者具有较好的治疗效果。

专家点评叶丽林(陆军军医大学全军免疫学研究所,教授)如下:

细胞因子风暴和淋巴细胞下降是COVID-19重症患者的两个重要特征(1),提示COVID-19重症患者固有免疫和适应性免疫的失调。考虑到适应性免疫反应在病毒清除中的关键作用,细胞因子风暴可能不是COVID-19的主要原因。关于免疫抑制剂糖皮质激素的治疗效果目前也存在很大争议。COVID-19病人大多数伴有淋巴细胞及嗜酸性粒细胞下降,这时使用糖皮质激素只会使它们进一步下降,严重损害适应性免疫反应。因此,研究适应性免疫反应在COVID-19重症发展中的作用具有重要的意义。

作者利用单细胞测序技术分析COVID-19不同病程外周血样本,分析免疫细胞特别是淋巴细胞在疾病发生不同时期的动态变化,此项工作的主要研究发现包括:1) 重症患者中在细胞免疫反应严重下降的同时,出现了体液免疫反应的异常升高,提示ADE可能加速了重症的发生。这与临床上观察到的,很多重症患者的病情不是逐步恶化,而是突然快速地进展到重症的现象一致,表明ADE可能是推动重症快速进展的原因。另外,在SARS中也观察到死亡患者通常有快速的中和抗体升高,然后很快下降的趋势类似。并且,在COVID-19 中也发现,一过性的抗体滴度升高与患者预后差相关。这些结果说明,在T细胞介导的细胞免疫反应缺乏的情况下,高的抗体反应可能通过 ADE 促进了病毒对天然免疫细胞的感染,从而恶化了疾病;2) CD4 效应T 细胞比 CD8 效应 T 细胞消失得更早。没有 CD4 T 细胞的帮助, CD8 T 细胞反应、抗体质量以及天然免疫反应,都会受到影响;3) Ta1的前体基因 PTMA 在重症中积累的一类干细胞样记忆 T 细胞中高表达,可能保护了这群细胞;4) Ta1治疗提高了重症患者的淋巴细胞水平。

这项工作的重要意义在于揭示了适应性免疫失调是促进重症进展的一个主要原因。虽然大量临床观察报道了COVID-19患者的淋巴细胞明显减少,尤其是重症患者CD4+和CD8+ T细胞呈显着性下降趋势,也观察到了抗体反应的在重症患者中的升高,但是仍然停留在孤立的现象观察,对这些现象背后的免疫学反应与结果没有进行探究和解释。本文作者从整体的适用性免疫反应出发,通过综合分析T和B效应细胞的动态变化,揭示ADE可能是推动重症的重要因素,为临床上发现的COVID-19患者快速进展为重症的现象提供了合理的解释。

基于研究结果,作者提出Tα1和丙球是预防重症的重要手段,因此这项工作还对临床治疗具有很重要的指导意义。另外,虽然Tα1作为一种免疫应答调节剂在临床上已经应用于治疗脓毒症等感染重症,也被应用于新冠重症的治疗,并观察到了不错的治疗效果,但是Tα1的作用机制仍不清楚。本文作者发现Ta1的前体基因PTMA在一群在重症中显着增加的干细胞样CD8记忆T细胞中高表达,推测Ta1可能保护了病毒感染中的T效应细胞,并在T细胞体外激活实验中发现Ta1可以保护T细胞过度激活,并提高了效应T细胞的数量,阐明了Tα1的细胞学作用机制。未来对Tα1的分子机制研究,将有助于进一步理解Tα1对免疫细胞的影响以及在疾病治疗中的作用。

原始出处:

Kuai Yu, Jingjing He, Yongjian Wu, et al.Dysregulated adaptive immune response contributes to severe COVID-19.Cell Res. 2020 Aug 5;1-3. doi: 10.1038/s41422-020-0391-9.

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1814229, encodeId=5b981814229c1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0c4094e0431' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#适应性免疫#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94704, encryptionId=0c4094e0431, topicName=适应性免疫)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1376173, createdName=linagood, createdTime=Mon Nov 23 12:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2023554, encodeId=669c20235541e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=57ce9605ef6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重要作用#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96057, encryptionId=57ce9605ef6, topicName=重要作用)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8e4c53, createdName=jiyangfei, createdTime=Thu Apr 22 22:33:28 CST 2021, time=2021-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1871915, encodeId=488c18e19152c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sun Jul 25 01:33:28 CST 2021, time=2021-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=814109, encodeId=f8098141099e, content=是否是ADE?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7ced1734358, createdName=1def5843m65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Aug 27 17:16:17 CST 2020, time=2020-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1962214, encodeId=36ca196221435, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Sat May 22 05:33:28 CST 2021, time=2021-05-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1557835, encodeId=8935155e835f8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d2601533982' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Research#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15339, encryptionId=d2601533982, topicName=Research)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96ab14929432, createdName=yangshch, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 01:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1621040, encodeId=dced16210407c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dccc94e01c9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#适应性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94701, encryptionId=dccc94e01c9, topicName=适应性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智慧医人, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 01:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1028452, encodeId=86d4102845293, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 13:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809135, encodeId=e2c08091350a, content=学到了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200815/3ba29ab027624b75b02d66b5697ab6e3/2f7b870f6d5c47feab1cc277d3fed5bf.jpg, createdBy=2fa05408431, createdName=陌陌12, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 11:01:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1814229, encodeId=5b981814229c1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0c4094e0431' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#适应性免疫#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94704, encryptionId=0c4094e0431, topicName=适应性免疫)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1376173, createdName=linagood, createdTime=Mon Nov 23 12:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2023554, encodeId=669c20235541e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=57ce9605ef6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重要作用#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96057, encryptionId=57ce9605ef6, topicName=重要作用)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8e4c53, createdName=jiyangfei, createdTime=Thu Apr 22 22:33:28 CST 2021, time=2021-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1871915, encodeId=488c18e19152c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sun Jul 25 01:33:28 CST 2021, time=2021-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=814109, encodeId=f8098141099e, content=是否是ADE?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7ced1734358, createdName=1def5843m65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Aug 27 17:16:17 CST 2020, time=2020-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1962214, encodeId=36ca196221435, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Sat May 22 05:33:28 CST 2021, time=2021-05-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1557835, encodeId=8935155e835f8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d2601533982' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Research#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15339, encryptionId=d2601533982, topicName=Research)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96ab14929432, createdName=yangshch, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 01:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1621040, encodeId=dced16210407c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dccc94e01c9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#适应性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94701, encryptionId=dccc94e01c9, topicName=适应性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智慧医人, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 01:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1028452, encodeId=86d4102845293, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 13:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809135, encodeId=e2c08091350a, content=学到了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200815/3ba29ab027624b75b02d66b5697ab6e3/2f7b870f6d5c47feab1cc277d3fed5bf.jpg, createdBy=2fa05408431, createdName=陌陌12, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 11:01:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1814229, encodeId=5b981814229c1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0c4094e0431' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#适应性免疫#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94704, encryptionId=0c4094e0431, topicName=适应性免疫)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1376173, createdName=linagood, createdTime=Mon Nov 23 12:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2023554, encodeId=669c20235541e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=57ce9605ef6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重要作用#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96057, encryptionId=57ce9605ef6, topicName=重要作用)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8e4c53, createdName=jiyangfei, createdTime=Thu Apr 22 22:33:28 CST 2021, time=2021-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1871915, encodeId=488c18e19152c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sun Jul 25 01:33:28 CST 2021, time=2021-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=814109, encodeId=f8098141099e, content=是否是ADE?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7ced1734358, createdName=1def5843m65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Aug 27 17:16:17 CST 2020, time=2020-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1962214, encodeId=36ca196221435, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Sat May 22 05:33:28 CST 2021, time=2021-05-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1557835, encodeId=8935155e835f8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d2601533982' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Research#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15339, encryptionId=d2601533982, topicName=Research)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96ab14929432, createdName=yangshch, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 01:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1621040, encodeId=dced16210407c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dccc94e01c9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#适应性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94701, encryptionId=dccc94e01c9, topicName=适应性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智慧医人, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 01:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1028452, encodeId=86d4102845293, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 13:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809135, encodeId=e2c08091350a, content=学到了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200815/3ba29ab027624b75b02d66b5697ab6e3/2f7b870f6d5c47feab1cc277d3fed5bf.jpg, createdBy=2fa05408431, createdName=陌陌12, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 11:01:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-08-27 1def5843m65(暂无匿称)

    是否是ADE?

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1814229, encodeId=5b981814229c1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0c4094e0431' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#适应性免疫#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94704, encryptionId=0c4094e0431, topicName=适应性免疫)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1376173, createdName=linagood, createdTime=Mon Nov 23 12:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2023554, encodeId=669c20235541e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=57ce9605ef6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重要作用#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96057, encryptionId=57ce9605ef6, topicName=重要作用)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8e4c53, createdName=jiyangfei, createdTime=Thu Apr 22 22:33:28 CST 2021, time=2021-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1871915, encodeId=488c18e19152c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sun Jul 25 01:33:28 CST 2021, time=2021-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=814109, encodeId=f8098141099e, content=是否是ADE?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7ced1734358, createdName=1def5843m65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Aug 27 17:16:17 CST 2020, time=2020-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1962214, encodeId=36ca196221435, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Sat May 22 05:33:28 CST 2021, time=2021-05-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1557835, encodeId=8935155e835f8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d2601533982' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Research#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15339, encryptionId=d2601533982, topicName=Research)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96ab14929432, createdName=yangshch, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 01:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1621040, encodeId=dced16210407c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dccc94e01c9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#适应性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94701, encryptionId=dccc94e01c9, topicName=适应性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智慧医人, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 01:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1028452, encodeId=86d4102845293, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 13:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809135, encodeId=e2c08091350a, content=学到了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200815/3ba29ab027624b75b02d66b5697ab6e3/2f7b870f6d5c47feab1cc277d3fed5bf.jpg, createdBy=2fa05408431, createdName=陌陌12, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 11:01:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-05-22 爆笑小医
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1814229, encodeId=5b981814229c1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0c4094e0431' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#适应性免疫#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94704, encryptionId=0c4094e0431, topicName=适应性免疫)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1376173, createdName=linagood, createdTime=Mon Nov 23 12:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2023554, encodeId=669c20235541e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=57ce9605ef6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重要作用#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96057, encryptionId=57ce9605ef6, topicName=重要作用)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8e4c53, createdName=jiyangfei, createdTime=Thu Apr 22 22:33:28 CST 2021, time=2021-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1871915, encodeId=488c18e19152c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sun Jul 25 01:33:28 CST 2021, time=2021-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=814109, encodeId=f8098141099e, content=是否是ADE?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7ced1734358, createdName=1def5843m65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Aug 27 17:16:17 CST 2020, time=2020-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1962214, encodeId=36ca196221435, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Sat May 22 05:33:28 CST 2021, time=2021-05-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1557835, encodeId=8935155e835f8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d2601533982' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Research#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15339, encryptionId=d2601533982, topicName=Research)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96ab14929432, createdName=yangshch, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 01:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1621040, encodeId=dced16210407c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dccc94e01c9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#适应性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94701, encryptionId=dccc94e01c9, topicName=适应性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智慧医人, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 01:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1028452, encodeId=86d4102845293, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 13:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809135, encodeId=e2c08091350a, content=学到了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200815/3ba29ab027624b75b02d66b5697ab6e3/2f7b870f6d5c47feab1cc277d3fed5bf.jpg, createdBy=2fa05408431, createdName=陌陌12, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 11:01:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-08-17 yangshch
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1814229, encodeId=5b981814229c1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0c4094e0431' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#适应性免疫#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94704, encryptionId=0c4094e0431, topicName=适应性免疫)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1376173, createdName=linagood, createdTime=Mon Nov 23 12:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2023554, encodeId=669c20235541e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=57ce9605ef6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重要作用#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96057, encryptionId=57ce9605ef6, topicName=重要作用)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8e4c53, createdName=jiyangfei, createdTime=Thu Apr 22 22:33:28 CST 2021, time=2021-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1871915, encodeId=488c18e19152c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sun Jul 25 01:33:28 CST 2021, time=2021-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=814109, encodeId=f8098141099e, content=是否是ADE?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7ced1734358, createdName=1def5843m65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Aug 27 17:16:17 CST 2020, time=2020-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1962214, encodeId=36ca196221435, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Sat May 22 05:33:28 CST 2021, time=2021-05-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1557835, encodeId=8935155e835f8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d2601533982' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Research#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15339, encryptionId=d2601533982, topicName=Research)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96ab14929432, createdName=yangshch, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 01:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1621040, encodeId=dced16210407c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dccc94e01c9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#适应性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94701, encryptionId=dccc94e01c9, topicName=适应性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智慧医人, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 01:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1028452, encodeId=86d4102845293, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 13:33:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809135, encodeId=e2c08091350a, content=学到了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200815/3ba29ab027624b75b02d66b5697ab6e3/2f7b870f6d5c47feab1cc277d3fed5bf.jpg, createdBy=2fa05408431, createdName=陌陌12, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 11:01:28 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2020-08-15 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

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    2020-08-15 陌陌12

    学到了

    0

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