Antimicrob Agent Ch:新药物猎杀耐药“超级细菌”

2014-12-12 佚名 生物谷

匹兹堡中心疫苗研究大学(CVR)正在研究一种远比传统抗生素更有效地、能抑制抗药性细菌的生长的药物,这些抗药性细菌包括所谓的“超级细菌”——几乎耐受所有现有的抗生素。 结果发表在杂志Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy上,这一研究成果有助推动抗生素发展,由于耐药菌的兴起,抗生素的开发在过去的四十年里受到了很大的限制。 研究论文作者Ronald C. Mo

匹兹堡中心疫苗研究大学(CVR)正在研究一种远比传统抗生素更有效地、能抑制抗药性细菌的生长的药物,这些抗药性细菌包括所谓的“超级细菌”——几乎耐受所有现有的抗生素。

结果发表在杂志Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy上,这一研究成果有助推动抗生素发展,由于耐药菌的兴起,抗生素的开发在过去的四十年里受到了很大的限制。

研究论文作者Ronald C. Montelaro博士说:抗生素的发现和发展产生了重大的影响,然而由于抗生素耐药性的频率越来越高,这些医疗成果的成功正在受到威胁。我们开发威胁最脆弱病人生命的耐药细菌的新防御策略是至关重要的。

每年在美国,至少有200万人感染了耐药细菌,且至少23000人死于这些感染的直接结果。研究人员发现HIV表面蛋白上的尾端有一个氨基酸序列,病毒使用它来“冲进”并感染细胞。 Montelaro博士和他的同事开发出该序列的合成版本同时也是更有效的版本,称为改造化的阳离子抗微生物肽(engineered cationic antimicrobial peptides)即“eCAPs”,也就是说eCAPs可以在实验室环境中进行化学合成。

研究人员在实验室环境中测试两个先导eCAPs,将其与天然抗微生物肽(LL37)和标准抗生素(多粘菌素)对比。科学家使用从西雅图儿童医院儿科囊性纤维化患者肺分离的100个不同的细菌菌株,以及从UPMC住院的成年患者分离42细菌菌株。

天然人抗微生物肽LL37和粘菌素药物每个都抑制临床分离的细菌菌株的生长,抑制率在50%左右,表明细菌较大程度的能对这些药物有耐药性。形成鲜明对比的是,两个先导eCAPS在测试细菌菌株中,约90%的细菌菌株生长受到抑制。

当与一些现有的最佳药物相比,我们惊讶于eCAPs的表现,Montelaro博士说。 但是,我们仍然需要知道细菌产生耐药性之前,eCAPs在多久时间内是有效的。团队挑战高度传染性、致病细菌叫绿脓杆菌,对比传统药物和eCAPs。

该细菌在短短三天对传统药物产生耐药。与此相反,相同的细菌对eCAPs产生耐药性需要25至30天。此外在绿脓杆菌抵抗传统药物后,eCAPs能一样有效杀死绿脓杆菌。研究者计划继续利用实验室和动物模型开发eCAPs,创建毒性最低的、最有效的版本,将来我们可以将它们推动进入到临床试验。

原始出处

Deslouches B1, Steckbeck JD1, Craigo JK1, Doi Y2, Burns JL3, Montelaro RC4.Engineered Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides (eCAPs) to Overcome Multidrug Resistance by ESKAPE Pathogens.Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2014 Nov 24.

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    2015-07-13 xjy02
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    2015-06-26 grace5700
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