阿司匹林&海洛因之父:天使or魔鬼?

2014-11-17 伊文 中国科学报

霍夫曼一生中有诸多发明创造,但正是阿司匹林和海洛因,让他成为站在天使与魔鬼之间那个颇为无奈而尴尬的人。 阿司匹林和海洛因,一个如天使带来福音,一个似魔鬼引发罪恶。就连上帝恐怕也没有想到,两者皆出自同一个科学家之手。而这位科学家更不曾料到,天使与魔鬼都在百年之间风靡全世界。 德国化学家菲利克斯 霍夫曼一生中有诸多发明创造,但正是阿司匹林和海洛因,让他成为站在天使与魔鬼之间

霍夫曼一生中有诸多发明创造,但正是阿司匹林海洛因,让他成为站在天使魔鬼之间那个颇为无奈而尴尬的人。

阿司匹林和海洛因,一个如天使带来福音,一个似魔鬼引发罪恶。就连上帝恐怕也没有想到,两者皆出自同一个科学家之手。而这位科学家更不曾料到,天使与魔鬼都在百年之间风靡全世界。

德国化学家菲利克斯 霍夫曼一生中有诸多发明创造,但正是阿司匹林和海洛因,让他成为站在天使与魔鬼之间那个颇为无奈而尴尬的人。

已有百余年历史的阿司匹林与青霉素、安定并称“医药史上三大经典药物”,它为人类减少死亡、延长寿命,尤其是为降低心梗死亡率提供了简单、经济而有效的手段。然而,从阿司匹林诞生的那一刻起,围绕它的争论就从未停止过,其中便包括“真正的发明者之争”。

1897年的一天,29岁的霍夫曼接到导师通知,让他停止手头对煤焦油的研究,开始专攻“水杨酸”这种药物的改进,制造出更为稳定、副作用更小的解热镇痛药。

霍夫曼对水杨酸并不陌生,它也并非什么新发明。事实上,霍夫曼的父亲很早之前就在用水杨酸驱除关节炎带来的疼痛,但它引起的呕吐和胃部不适让人痛不欲生。原因是,尽管水杨酸能镇痛,但它有着几乎无法去除的副作用——损伤胃黏膜,甚至导致胃出血。

或许是无法忍受父亲因服药带来的巨大痛苦,霍夫曼接受了这项任务。而他所在的拜耳药厂则希望,霍夫曼能够使水杨酸从一个土方子变成更加可靠的商业化药物。

此后,霍夫曼梳理了一系列论文,终于找到了一种方法,生产出稳定而副作用较小的乙酰水杨酸作为替代物。从此,风湿病治疗的历史被改变了。

比其他产品研发人员幸运的是,霍夫曼背后有一家强大的公司。拜耳做了其他制药公司不屑于做的两件事情,一是为化学品乙酰水杨酸取了个商标名“阿司匹林”,二是为其生产技术和工艺在很多国家注册了专利权。1899年3月6日,阿司匹林的发明专利申请被通过,商品专利号为36433,这种药物开始在位于德国伍珀塔尔的埃尔伯福特工厂生产。

迄今为止,上述关于阿司匹林发明者的说法,都来自于德国化学家奥尔布赖特 施特在一篇关于工业化学的论着中对阿司匹林所作的注脚。短短的几行字,在很长一段时间内被认为是阿司匹林发明过程的解说词,霍夫曼也就成为了人们争相传颂的人物。

直到十几年前,人们开始对阿司匹林的发现者提出新的疑问。

1999年2月20日,英国《泰晤士报》为纪念阿司匹林发明百年刊登了一篇特别报道。该报道除了照搬阿司匹林的解说词外,还提及另外一位名为亨利希 德莱塞的科学家,说是经过德莱塞和霍夫曼商量后,才以“阿司匹林”(aspirin)为药名。同时,德莱塞在1899年发表的一篇题为《阿司匹林(乙酰水杨酸)的药理学》的文章被重新翻了出来,并由此认定他是阿司匹林的发现者之一。

2000年底,英国伦敦一所大学的药物部副主任沃尔特?斯奈德,又为当年在拜耳药厂工作的犹太化学家阿瑟 艾兴格林进行了辩护,指出艾兴格林与霍夫曼同在药剂室工作。艾兴格林1944年被德国纳粹抓进了集中营,他在一封信中首次提到,是他授意霍夫曼合成乙酰水杨酸。

斯奈德还提到,霍夫曼活到1946年,但他从来没有就发现阿司匹林一事发表过自己的任何看法。

霍夫曼不可能想到,在自己逝世半个世纪后会陷入一场名誉之争。然而,经他之手问世的“海洛因”,则在他生前就已切切实实成为了“魔鬼的杰作”。

1897年8月21日,霍夫曼在实验室里合成了一种叫作二乙酰吗啡的物质,止痛效力远高于能让人上瘾的吗啡。老板们喜出望外,当证实一些用于实验的鱼、海马和猫吞下这些药物依然能够活命之后,公司的家属包括孩子也开始试着服用,没毒死人,也没有人上瘾。于是,在合成后不到一年,在没有进行彻底的临床试验的情况下,公司便将它上市销售。

拜耳公司的老板们认为发明这一物质是“英雄般”的事迹,因此为其取名为“海洛因(Heroin)”,在德文中意为“英雄”。接下来,便是世界医药历史上最为荒谬的一页。

直到上世纪30年代,拜耳公司还在销售高纯度的海洛因。世界各地都对这种药效强劲、用途广泛的药品欢呼雀跃,成千上万的病人争相服用,从婴幼儿、成年人到老人都是海洛因的消费者,它以粉末、混合剂或栓剂的形式被使用。

当这种药品上市时,除了大获成功之外,看不出它有任何异常之处。医生们记录的海洛因的副作用是昏沉、晕眩和便秘,没有别的。警告海洛因有上瘾危险的医生只是少数。事实上,海洛因是否上瘾的关键在于当时盛行的服用方式,口服的海洛因经过很长时间才抵达脑部。

1910年后,情况发生了改变。饱受鸦片和吗啡滥用之苦的美国在1909年通过了《排斥吸食鸦片法案》,瘾君子开始寻找替代品。与吗啡相比,海洛因的管控更宽松,吸毒者发现,海洛因能否比吗啡的“药效”更强也只是时间问题。海洛因理所当然取代了吗啡,成为被滥用的主力军。

后来,柏林的药剂师米歇尔 德 里德尔在其着述中讲了海洛因问世、上市和作为药品最终没落的故事,他描述了一个令人惊讶的时代。

事实上,海洛因并非最早出自霍夫曼之手,早在1874年,英国药剂师埃尔德 莱特就首度人工合成了海洛因,但并未引起关注。直到霍夫曼再度独立合成,才开始进入人们的视野,此后的很长一段时间,“世界似乎是颠倒的,大家都很狂热”。


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    2016-07-23 午夜星河

    太有意思了,魔鬼与天使

    0

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    2015-12-26 hixiaoluo

    值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=94300, encodeId=50b5943008c, content=太有意思了,魔鬼与天使, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200609/ef6a57dbe7f1489dad7446b7c5217858/d5e4fe65996c4446a029b0f5d056abb1.jpg, createdBy=6b011518214, createdName=午夜星河, createdTime=Sat Jul 23 15:08:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48023, encodeId=8254480230b, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48024, encodeId=e8a548024ea, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48025, encodeId=6f9e4802564, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48026, encodeId=d1934802638, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48027, encodeId=ecd34802eee, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48028, encodeId=6123480289c, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1523493, encodeId=565d152349347, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=510865640d9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#海洛因#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65640, encryptionId=510865640d9, topicName=海洛因)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=27e211527640, createdName=xuqianhua, createdTime=Wed Nov 19 00:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=12545, encodeId=24201254506, content=药物的滥用不是研发者的错。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160403/IMG5700F9EC14BED9452.jpg, createdBy=879d37419, createdName=cjyisheng, createdTime=Mon Nov 17 22:58:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-26 hixiaoluo

    值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=94300, encodeId=50b5943008c, content=太有意思了,魔鬼与天使, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200609/ef6a57dbe7f1489dad7446b7c5217858/d5e4fe65996c4446a029b0f5d056abb1.jpg, createdBy=6b011518214, createdName=午夜星河, createdTime=Sat Jul 23 15:08:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48023, encodeId=8254480230b, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48024, encodeId=e8a548024ea, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48025, encodeId=6f9e4802564, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48026, encodeId=d1934802638, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48027, encodeId=ecd34802eee, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48028, encodeId=6123480289c, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1523493, encodeId=565d152349347, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=510865640d9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#海洛因#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65640, encryptionId=510865640d9, topicName=海洛因)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=27e211527640, createdName=xuqianhua, createdTime=Wed Nov 19 00:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=12545, encodeId=24201254506, content=药物的滥用不是研发者的错。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160403/IMG5700F9EC14BED9452.jpg, createdBy=879d37419, createdName=cjyisheng, createdTime=Mon Nov 17 22:58:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-26 hixiaoluo

    值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=94300, encodeId=50b5943008c, content=太有意思了,魔鬼与天使, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200609/ef6a57dbe7f1489dad7446b7c5217858/d5e4fe65996c4446a029b0f5d056abb1.jpg, createdBy=6b011518214, createdName=午夜星河, createdTime=Sat Jul 23 15:08:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48023, encodeId=8254480230b, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48024, encodeId=e8a548024ea, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48025, encodeId=6f9e4802564, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48026, encodeId=d1934802638, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48027, encodeId=ecd34802eee, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48028, encodeId=6123480289c, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1523493, encodeId=565d152349347, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=510865640d9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#海洛因#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65640, encryptionId=510865640d9, topicName=海洛因)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=27e211527640, createdName=xuqianhua, createdTime=Wed Nov 19 00:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=12545, encodeId=24201254506, content=药物的滥用不是研发者的错。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160403/IMG5700F9EC14BED9452.jpg, createdBy=879d37419, createdName=cjyisheng, createdTime=Mon Nov 17 22:58:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-26 hixiaoluo

    值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=94300, encodeId=50b5943008c, content=太有意思了,魔鬼与天使, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200609/ef6a57dbe7f1489dad7446b7c5217858/d5e4fe65996c4446a029b0f5d056abb1.jpg, createdBy=6b011518214, createdName=午夜星河, createdTime=Sat Jul 23 15:08:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48023, encodeId=8254480230b, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48024, encodeId=e8a548024ea, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48025, encodeId=6f9e4802564, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48026, encodeId=d1934802638, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48027, encodeId=ecd34802eee, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48028, encodeId=6123480289c, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1523493, encodeId=565d152349347, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=510865640d9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#海洛因#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65640, encryptionId=510865640d9, topicName=海洛因)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=27e211527640, createdName=xuqianhua, createdTime=Wed Nov 19 00:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=12545, encodeId=24201254506, content=药物的滥用不是研发者的错。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160403/IMG5700F9EC14BED9452.jpg, createdBy=879d37419, createdName=cjyisheng, createdTime=Mon Nov 17 22:58:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-26 hixiaoluo

    值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=94300, encodeId=50b5943008c, content=太有意思了,魔鬼与天使, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200609/ef6a57dbe7f1489dad7446b7c5217858/d5e4fe65996c4446a029b0f5d056abb1.jpg, createdBy=6b011518214, createdName=午夜星河, createdTime=Sat Jul 23 15:08:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48023, encodeId=8254480230b, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48024, encodeId=e8a548024ea, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48025, encodeId=6f9e4802564, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48026, encodeId=d1934802638, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48027, encodeId=ecd34802eee, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48028, encodeId=6123480289c, content=值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sat Dec 26 14:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1523493, encodeId=565d152349347, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=510865640d9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#海洛因#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65640, encryptionId=510865640d9, topicName=海洛因)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=27e211527640, createdName=xuqianhua, createdTime=Wed Nov 19 00:28:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=12545, encodeId=24201254506, content=药物的滥用不是研发者的错。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160403/IMG5700F9EC14BED9452.jpg, createdBy=879d37419, createdName=cjyisheng, createdTime=Mon Nov 17 22:58:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-26 hixiaoluo

    值得收藏,学习,谢谢分享

    0

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    2014-11-17 cjyisheng

    药物的滥用不是研发者的错。

    0

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