JAMA子刊:如何预防性识别极早产儿神经发育障碍的风险?

2022-04-21 liangying MedSci原创

早期头颅超声病变和白质损伤与NICU出院时NNNS检查测量的注意力、音调和运动结果调节不良有关。

全世界每年大约有1500万婴儿和10%的美国新生儿是早产,即在妊娠37周之前分娩。在那些极早产儿中(32周之前出生),约17%会出现中度至重度神经发育障碍(NDI),这种高损伤率可以通过早期发现和尽早采取发育支持性干预措施来解决。然而,在出生后的头几个月,识别发育障碍风险增加的早产儿亚群是一项挑战。

头颅超声(CUS)检查结果通常用于识别有神经发育受损风险的早产儿,神经行为检查可提供有关早期大脑功能的信息。新生儿从重症监护病房(NICU)出院时,早期和晚期CUS的异常发现与神经行为之间的关联尚未见报道。本研究的目的是探索重症监护室(NICU)出院时CUS症状与婴儿神经行为之间的关系。

这项前瞻性队列研究包括2014年4月至2016年6月期间参加新生儿神经行为和早产儿预后研究的婴儿。总共有704名婴儿被纳入研究,数据分析从2019年9月到2021年9月。神经行为检查采用NICU网络神经行为量表(NNNS)。

研究结果显示,在704名登记的婴儿中,675名同时拥有CUS和NNNS数据。在协变量调整后,观察到白质损伤(WMD)的婴儿注意力较低(调整后的平均差为0.346;95%CI为0.609至0.083),且肌张力较低(平均差为0.358;95%CI为0.055至0.662)以及运动质量较差(平均差为0.344;95%CI为0.572至0.116)。早期CUS病变的婴儿注意力较低(平均差为0.233;95%CI为0.423至0.044)和肌张力较低(平均差为0.240;95%CI为0.014至0.465)。

白质损伤和神经发育不良的风险

早期颅超声病变与神经发育不良的风险

在这项早产儿队列研究中,早期头颅超声病变和白质损伤与NICU出院时NNNS检查测量的注意力、音调和运动结果调节不良有关。此处确定的特定神经行为风险是与整个幼儿期的神经发育障碍相关的特征。通过NICU和出院后转诊的有针对性的预防措施来应对已证实的风险,有可能改善长期结果。

参考文献:Helderman J, O’Shea TM, Dansereau L, et al. Association of Abnormal Findings on Neonatal Cranial Ultrasound With Neurobehavior at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Discharge in Infants Born Before 30 Weeks’ Gestation. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(4):e226561. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.6561

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    2022-04-14 docwu2019
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    2022-04-13 肿瘤克星

    JAMA上文章都是顶级的,谢谢梅斯及时上新

    0

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