Nat Commun:饶子和团队解析乙型脑炎病毒新的致病机制

2017-04-27 佚名 生物物理研究所

日前,由中国科学院生物物理研究所饶子和团队领衔,联合军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所、牛津大学、北京科兴生物制品有限公司等单位合作解析了虫媒黄病毒重要成员——乙型脑炎病毒(Japanese Encephalitis virus)的精细三维结构,发现了一系列影响病毒致病性和稳定性的关键位点,研究论文于4月26日在线发表于《自然-通讯》(Nature Communications)杂志。虫媒黄病毒是一

日前,由中国科学院生物物理研究所饶子和团队领衔,联合军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所、牛津大学、北京科兴生物制品有限公司等单位合作解析了虫媒黄病毒重要成员——乙型脑炎病毒(Japanese Encephalitis virus)的精细三维结构,发现了一系列影响病毒致病性和稳定性的关键位点,研究论文于4月26日在线发表于《自然-通讯》(Nature Communications)杂志。

虫媒黄病毒是一类具有包膜的单股正链 RNA 病毒,包括寨卡病毒、登革病毒、日本脑炎病毒、黄热病毒等重要成员,主要通过吸血节肢动物(蚊、蜱、白蛉等) 叮咬传播。尤其是近年来,虫媒病毒病的暴发和流行日益频繁,严重威胁人类健康。虫媒黄病毒感染人类后可导致出血热、脑炎等一系列严重疾病,但其导致不同临床表现的分子机制尚不清楚。

研究人员利用低温冷冻电镜技术解析了日本脑炎病毒颗粒近原子分辨率的三维结构,这是继登革病毒和寨卡病毒后第三个被解析出的虫媒黄病毒结构。与登革热病毒和寨卡病毒结构相比,日本脑炎病毒结构的最大特点是在其包膜E蛋白同源二聚体表面存在两个明显的“孔洞”;尤其值得注意的是可导致脑炎等中枢神经系统疾病的虫媒黄病毒基因组中存在7个特异性motif,其中5个motif位于“孔洞”附近,提示上述特异序列和结构可能在脑炎发病中发挥重要作用。

研究人员进一步利用反向遗传学技术发现,日本脑炎病毒E蛋白第107、138和315位氨基酸是决定小鼠神经毒力的关键位点,可在病毒复制周期的不同阶段发挥调控作用;同时发现,E蛋白第264位氨基酸突变可显着影响病毒对热、酸等环境的耐受能力,在病毒的感染和传播过程中发挥重要作用。

上述发现丰富了对虫媒黄病毒复制生活周期和致病机制的认识,为抗病毒药物和疫苗的研发提供了新的靶标和方向。

中科院生物物理所研究员饶子和、王祥喜,军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所研究员秦成峰,以及牛津大学教授David Stuart为论文的共同通讯作者。中科院生物物理所王祥喜,军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所李世华、年庆功,牛津大学朱玲为论文并列第一作者。研究得到中科院先导项目“超大分子复合物”、“973”项目、中科院百人计划、国家重点研发计划、牛顿高级学者基金和国家自然科学基金的大力支持。

原始出处:

Xiangxi Wang, Shi-Hua Li, Ling Zhu,et al.Near-atomic structure of Japanese encephalitis virus reveals critical determinants of virulence and stability.Nature Communications 8, Article number: 14 (2017)

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    2017-05-13 liuli5079
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    2017-06-14 hongbochen
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    2018-04-02 liye789132251
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