Neurology:见于获得性中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停的睡眠相关周期性呼吸

2018-09-27 zyx整理 神经科病例撷英拾粹

68岁男性,表现为轻微的姿势不稳。详细查体提示患者存在共济失调,往右侧倾斜,对侧(左侧)躯干和肢体感觉减退,轻度吞咽困难,右侧眼睑下垂和眼球内陷

68岁男性,表现为轻微的姿势不稳。详细查体提示患者存在共济失调,往右侧倾斜,对侧(左侧)躯干和肢体感觉减退,轻度吞咽困难,右侧眼睑下垂和眼球内陷(图A),病因为延髓梗死(Wallenberg综合征)(图B)。由于打鼾,患者接受多导睡眠监测,可见中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停伴Biot呼吸运动失调(图C)。Biot周期性呼吸是一种由呼吸起搏器病变所致的不规则喘气样呼吸,在伴有延髓损伤的昏迷患者中可观察到。在这里,Biot呼吸在中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停情况下出现。延髓呼吸控制环路病变会影响自主呼吸,这对夜间呼吸至关重要。


(图:A:患者用力睁眼,可见轻微的右眼睑下垂和眼球内陷,提示Horner综合征;B:脑MRI[FLAIR序列]可见右侧延髓背侧上部高信号病变[箭头];C:多导睡眠图[5分钟记录]提示中枢性呼吸暂停(*气道血流)夹杂失调[Biot]呼吸模式,没有明显的血氧丢失[**饱和度])

原始出处:Marano M1, Capone F2, Motolese F2, et al. Teaching NeuroImages: Sleep-related periodic breathing in acquired central sleep apnea. Neurology. 2018 Sep 4;91(10):e1001-e1002.

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