Nat Microbiol:细菌对抗抗生素治疗新策略---多药耐受性

2016-03-10 佚名 生物谷

抗生素并不会轻易地根除一种被称作大肠杆菌的肠道细菌,这是因为一些大肠杆菌在抗生素治疗时进入休眠状态而存活下来。一旦这种治疗停止,这些休眠的细菌细胞能够再次活跃起来,并且再次在体内定植。 在一项新的研究中,来自比利时鲁汶大学(KU Leuven)微生物与植物遗传学中心的研究人员证实更频繁地接受抗生素治疗,就会有越多的细菌存活下来。更重要的是,这些存活下来的细菌进化出多药耐受性(multi-drug

抗生素并不会轻易地根除一种被称作大肠杆菌的肠道细菌,这是因为一些大肠杆菌在抗生素治疗时进入休眠状态而存活下来。一旦这种治疗停止,这些休眠的细菌细胞能够再次活跃起来,并且再次在体内定植。

在一项新的研究中,来自比利时鲁汶大学(KU Leuven)微生物与植物遗传学中心的研究人员证实更频繁地接受抗生素治疗,就会有越多的细菌存活下来。更重要的是,这些存活下来的细菌进化出多药耐受性(multi-drug tolerance)。相关研究结果于2016年3月7日在线发表在Nature Microbiology期刊上,论文标题为“Frequency of antibiotic application drives rapid evolutionary adaptation of Escherichia coli persistence”。

抗生素在抵抗细菌性感染和拯救无数生命中发挥至关重要的作用。然而,由于过度服用和经常滥用抗生素,耐药性细菌越来越常见。此外,在看似成功的抗生素疗程后,即便没有进化出耐药性细菌,感染有时也会再次暴发。

为了更加详细地研究这种现象,研究人员在实验室中利用日剂量的抗生素处理大肠杆菌。即便初始时大多数细菌被杀死,仍然还有一些细菌快速地找到一种适应方法,同时使得自己的遗传物质变化最小化。

结果就是快速产生很多存留细胞(persister cell)。这些细胞处于休眠状态,因而不受抗生素治疗的影响。这些存留细胞并没有产生耐药性,这意味着它们在抗生素治疗期间不能持续生长,但是具有耐受性:它们在抗生素治疗时存活下来,而且在治疗结束后继续它们的繁殖。

论文通信作者Jan Michiels教授说,“这些耐受性的细胞能够仅仅是耐着性子看着抗生素治疗结束。在治疗的第一天,它们就已经存在,不过数量较少。它们确保在抗生素治疗后,这个细胞群体不被完全清楚,而且能够再次重建。最终就是,整个细菌细胞群体对几种抗生素具有耐受性。”

Michiels教授的研究小组证实随着细菌更加频繁地接触到抗生素,耐受性细胞在群体中的数量也在增加:日剂量比周剂量具有更大的影响。幸好,一旦抗生素治疗结束,多药耐受性细菌数量就再次下降。

Michiels作出结论,“在抗生素治疗期间筛选耐药性是惯常做法,但是并没有人筛选耐受性。不过,耐受性细菌能够继续产生抗生素耐药性,这会增加全球抗生素危机:开发新的抗生素跟不上细菌不断增加的抗生素耐药性的脚步。因此,发现更多的细菌如何和为何产生抗生素耐受性在改进未来的疗法和拯救生命中发挥着重要作用。”

研究人员当前正在研究其他的病原体是否也表现出类似的耐受性增加,以及相同的遗传适应过程是否也在人体感染治疗期间发生。

原始出处:

Bram Van den Bergh, Joran E. Michiels,et al,Frequency of antibiotic application drives rapid evolutionary adaptation of Escherichia coli persistence,Nat Microbiol,2016 



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  5. 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channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Fri Apr 22 22:06:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=68859, encodeId=73d56885904, content=未来的时代,未来的方向, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=143, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160314/IMG56E64D2A545669487.jpg, createdBy=4ff71699844, createdName=古天乐, createdTime=Mon Mar 14 01:31:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=68707, encodeId=949768e070c, content=细菌耐药,有太多东西需要我们去学啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=139, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7d571658461, createdName=大于菲菲, createdTime=Sat Mar 12 18:37:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=68671, encodeId=8607686e1ee, content=细菌耐药性研究的新方向, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=00531550470, createdName=layyjiangli, createdTime=Sat Mar 12 09:14:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1345195, encodeId=67f813451956d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cd305543152' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗生素治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, 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    2016-07-16 sunylz
  6. 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    2016-04-22 liye789132251
  7. 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    2016-03-14 古天乐

    未来的时代,未来的方向

    0

  8. 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channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Fri Apr 22 22:06:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=68859, encodeId=73d56885904, content=未来的时代,未来的方向, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=143, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160314/IMG56E64D2A545669487.jpg, createdBy=4ff71699844, createdName=古天乐, createdTime=Mon Mar 14 01:31:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=68707, encodeId=949768e070c, content=细菌耐药,有太多东西需要我们去学啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, 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topicList=[TopicDto(id=55431, encryptionId=cd305543152, topicName=抗生素治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=医者仁心, createdTime=Sat Mar 12 09:06:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-03-12 大于菲菲

    细菌耐药,有太多东西需要我们去学啊

    0

  9. 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channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Fri Apr 22 22:06:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=68859, encodeId=73d56885904, content=未来的时代,未来的方向, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=143, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160314/IMG56E64D2A545669487.jpg, createdBy=4ff71699844, createdName=古天乐, createdTime=Mon Mar 14 01:31:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=68707, encodeId=949768e070c, content=细菌耐药,有太多东西需要我们去学啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=139, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7d571658461, createdName=大于菲菲, createdTime=Sat Mar 12 18:37:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=68671, encodeId=8607686e1ee, content=细菌耐药性研究的新方向, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=00531550470, createdName=layyjiangli, createdTime=Sat Mar 12 09:14:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1345195, encodeId=67f813451956d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cd305543152' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗生素治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, 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    2016-03-12 layyjiangli

    细菌耐药性研究的新方向

    0

  10. 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