重复:N Engl J Med:简单皮肤脓肿:除外切开引流还可以加用这两种抗生素

2017-07-19 选题审校:应颖秋 编辑:贾朝娟 环球医学

简单皮肤脓肿常见,但最佳的管理模式仍不清楚。2017年6月,发表在《N Engl J Med》的一项研究显示,同单纯切开引流相比,克林霉素或TMP-SMX联合切开引流能改善简单脓肿的短期结局。

简单皮肤脓肿常见,但最佳的管理模式仍不清楚。2017年6月,发表在《N Engl J Med》的一项研究显示,同单纯切开引流相比,克林霉素或TMP-SMX联合切开引流能改善简单脓肿的短期结局。

背景:简单皮肤脓肿常见,但在社区相关耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)时代中适合这种疾病的管理仍不清楚。

方法:研究者在门诊成年和儿童患者中开展了一项多中心、前瞻性、双盲试验。根据需要手术治疗的脓肿、脓肿大小、皮肤感染部位的个数和非化脓性蜂窝织炎对患者进行分层。纳入皮肤脓肿直径为5 cm或以下的受试者。脓肿切开并引流后,受试者被随机分配至接受克林霉素、甲氧苄啶磺胺甲恶唑(TMP-SMX)或安慰剂,共10日。主要结局是治疗后7~10日的临床治愈。

结果:研究者共纳入786名受试者:505名(64.2%)是成年人,281名(35.8%)是儿童。448名(57.0%)是男性。527名受试者(67.0%)金黄色葡萄球菌感染阳性,388名受试者(49.4%)耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌阳性。意向治疗人群治疗10日后,克林霉素组受试者的治愈率与TMP-SMX组相似(266名受试者中有221名[83.1%]和263名受试者中215名[81.7%];P=0.73),每个活性治疗组的治愈率均高于安慰剂组(257名受试者中177名[68.9%],P<0.001)。可评估患者人群的结果相似。益处仅限于金黄色葡萄球菌感染的受试者。在最初治愈的受试者中,随访1个月时克林霉素组的新感染病例(221名中15名,6.8%)少于TMP-SMX组(215名29名[13.5%],P=0.03)或安慰剂组(177名中22名[12.4%],P=0.06)。克林霉素组的不良事件(265名中58名[21.9%])比TMP-SMX组(261名中29名[11.1%])或安慰剂(255名中32名[12.5%])更为常见;不良事件没有后遗症。1名接受TMP-SMX的受试者出现超敏反应。

结论:同单纯切开引流相比,克林霉素或TMP-SMX联合切开引流能改善简单脓肿的短期结局。这些益处必须权衡这些抗菌素已知的不良反应。(由国家健康研究院支助;ClinicalTrials.gov注册号,NCT00730028)

原始出处:
Daum, R. S., et al. (2017). "A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Antibiotics for Smaller Skin Abscesses." N Engl J Med 376(26): 2545-2555.

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    2017-07-23 haouestc
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    2018-03-27 spoonycyy
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    2017-07-21 hunizi009
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