Nat Commun:广州生物院在斑马鱼中构建出一种肠道炎症模型

2018-07-07 佚名 细胞

7月6日,国际学术期刊Nature Communications(《自然-通讯》)在线发表中国科学院广州生物医药与健康研究院裴端卿和舒晓东研究团队关于斑马鱼研究的最新成果“Deficiency in class III PI3-kinase confers postnatal lethality with IBD-like features in zebrafish”。该研究利用斑马鱼突变体模拟了

7月6日,国际学术期刊Nature Communications(《自然-通讯》)在线发表中国科学院广州生物医药与健康研究院裴端卿和舒晓东研究团队关于斑马鱼研究的最新成果“Deficiency in class III PI3-kinase confers postnatal lethality with IBD-like features in zebrafish”。该研究利用斑马鱼突变体模拟了炎症性肠病的部分表型,并且结合体外细胞3D培养结果解释其发病机制。

炎症性肠病是一类消化系统产生的自身免疫性疾病的总称,主要包括克罗恩氏病和溃疡性肠炎等,患者主要集中在北美、北欧以及澳大利亚等西方国家。2016年,美国的炎症性肠病患者超过300万,而国内的发病率为3.3/100,000,呈现低龄化趋势、逐年升高的趋势。临床表现为腹泻、腹痛、贫血等症状,患者遭受了严重的身心折磨,然而目前对其发病机理的研究尚处于探索阶段。

斑马鱼是一种热带鱼,身体延长而略呈纺锤形,头小而稍尖,吻较短,全身布满多条深蓝色纵纹,与银白色或金黄色纵纹相间排列纹路比较有条理,在水族箱内成群游动时犹如奔驰于非洲草原的斑马群,故此得斑马鱼之美称。斑马鱼早期胚胎体外发育、产卵量高,和人类基因有着87%的高度同源性,被广泛用于发育研究以及药物筛选。斑马鱼作为模式生物的优势很突出,这意味着其实验结果大多数情况下适用于人体。

斑马鱼肠道早期发育与高等动物类似,因此也是炎症性肠病研究的理想模型之一。本研究利用基因编辑技术获得了两种pik3c3突变品系。通过组织学、分子生物学以及电镜检测,研究人员确定了突变体中肠道炎症的基本表型。机理方面的研究表明,肠道炎症反应的激活不是微生物以及外界环境所引起的,而是肠道上皮细胞自主性损伤从而招募大量的中性粒细胞所导致的,这是与已知的斑马鱼肠道炎症模型的最大区别。

为了确定突变体致死的根本原因是否是免疫系统的缺陷,科研人员决定在培养皿中研究“干净的肠道”。Caco2细胞系是人源结肠癌细胞,当在培养皿底部铺一层Matrigel时,5天以后就能形成类似肠腔的“甜甜圈”结构。在该体系下抑制PIK3C3的表达,也会导致细胞连接的破坏。体外模型进一步证明,上皮结构的破坏是上皮细胞自主性的。此外,研究团队利用斑马鱼发现了多个囊泡运输蛋白在早期发育过程中的作用。PIK3C3也通过其催化产物磷酸肌醇 3-磷酸(PI3P)调控体内的囊泡运输等过程。

本研究既完善了磷酸肌醇(PI)代谢产物在肠道炎症方面的作用,也为炎症肠病的药物筛选提供了新的平台。目前,仅有部分药物能够缓解炎症性肠病症状,使得患者进入缓解期。本研究中的肠道自主性炎症模型对药物靶点的筛选具有推动作用。

本研究得到了国家自然科学基金、国家重大科学研究计划、中国科学院战略性先导科技专项及广东省科技计划项目等经费资助。

原始出处:

Shaoyang Zhao,et al.Deficiency in class III PI3-kinase confers postnatal lethality with IBD-like features in zebrafish.Nat Commun.06 July 2018

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    2019-05-13 liuli5079
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    2018-10-11 liye789132251
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    2018-07-09 lg.zhao
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    2018-07-07 天地飞扬

    了解一下.谢谢分享!

    0

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    2018-07-07 戒馋,懒,贪

    谢谢分享学习了

    0

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