Chest:慢性过敏性肺炎更佳药物管理

2017-04-05 常路 环球医学

慢性过敏性肺炎(cHP)的治疗常使用全身性口服糖皮质激素,但是最佳的药物管理仍然未知。与泼尼松相关的发病风险已经促成需要寻找替代治疗方案。2017年3月,发表在《Chest》的一项研究旨在确定麦考酚酸酯(MMF)或硫唑嘌呤(AZA)对cHP患者肺功能的治疗作用。请看本期多学科讨论组临床药师各抒己见为您梳理本文看点——研究人员从4家间质性肺病中心回顾性鉴别MMF或AZA治疗的cHP患者。治疗初始前和

慢性过敏性肺炎(cHP)的治疗常使用全身性口服糖皮质激素,但是最佳的药物管理仍然未知。与泼尼松相关的发病风险已经促成需要寻找替代治疗方案。2017年3月,发表在《Chest》的一项研究旨在确定麦考酚酸酯(MMF)或硫唑嘌呤(AZA)对cHP患者肺功能的治疗作用。请看本期多学科讨论组临床药师各抒己见为您梳理本文看点——

研究人员从4家间质性肺病中心回顾性鉴别MMF或AZA治疗的cHP患者。治疗初始前和后,肺功能的改变使用线性混合效应模型(LMM)进行分析,并调整了年龄、性别、吸烟史和泼尼松使用。

该研究共纳入了70名患者:51人使用MMF治疗,19人使用AZA治疗。治疗初始后,中位随访11个月。治疗初始前,FVC和肺一氧化碳弥散量(DIco)%的预测值分别平均降低0.12%/月(P<0.001)和0.10%/月(P<0.001)。MMF或AZA治疗与FVC改善不相关(1年时0.5%;P=0.46),但是与治疗1年后4.2%的DIco的统计学显着性改善相关(P<0.001)。MMF治疗1年的患者亚组中,结果相似;FVC非显着增加1.3%(P=0.103),DIco增加3.9%(P<0.001)。

结果表明,MMF或AZA治疗与cHP患者DIco改善相关。需要前瞻性随机试验来验证cHP患者的有效性。

多学科讨论记实:

在这项多中心回顾性研究中,研究人员证明,MMF或AZA治疗cHP与改善的气体交换和泼尼松剂量的减少有关。MMF和AZA似乎耐受性良好,与既往报告相比,药物停药率较低,不良反应相似。据悉,这是第一项描述MMF或AZA对cHP临床过程影响的研究。

然而,该研究也存在以下局限性。首先,所有患者都来自学术中心,从而潜在地限制了结果的普遍性。然而,与后来在社区进行管理的患者相比,研究人员发现与之相比差异很小。第二,考虑到回顾性设计,没有系统监测治疗、药物用量、不良反应或泼尼松使用情况;因此,研究人员不能确定这些措施,以确保患者依从性或存在轻微的未报告的不良反应。研究人员无法评估重要的临床结果,如死亡率、放射影像的变化、功能能力、呼吸困难或生活质量,这些因素应在未来的研究中测量。也可能存在选择偏倚,因为UCSF队列的一些患者由于缺乏后续数据而被排除在外。第三,研究人员假设肺功能分段线性变化,这对所有患者可能不准确。此外,因为不确定因素,研究人员不能排除混杂因素,可能包括暴露程度,可能会随着患者的时间而变化。最重要的是,因为研究队列中这些患者数量很少,且在这样的比较中可能存在着通过指示混淆的严重偏倚,该研究缺乏与未治疗的对照组相比较。因此,研究人员选择使用前/后准实验设计来估计治疗效果。

原始出处:

Morisset J, Johannson K A, Vittinghoff E, et al. Use of mycophenolate mofetil or azathioprine for the management of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Chest. 2016, 151.

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    2017-05-07 Smile2680
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    2017-04-08 doctorJiangchao

    好文章。

    0

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