G20峰会:抗生素耐药太恐怖了!

2016-09-07 Seal 医学界

从安检吐槽到《最忆是杭州》,G20峰会虽然在网络上爆红,但是G20还是有自己的正事儿的。例如今日发布的G20杭州峰会公报专门列举阐述影响世界深远因素,抗生素耐药性赫然位列其中。对于抗生素耐药,公报如是说——抗生素耐药性严重威胁公共健康、经济增长和全球经济稳定。我们确认有必要从体现二十国集团自身优势的角度,采取包容的方式应对抗生素耐药性问题,以实证方法预防和减少抗生素耐药性,同时推动研发新的和现

从安检吐槽到《最忆是杭州》,G20峰会虽然在网络上爆红,但是G20还是有自己的正事儿的。例如今日发布的G20杭州峰会公报专门列举阐述影响世界深远因素,抗生素耐药性赫然位列其中。


对于抗生素耐药,公报如是说——


抗生素耐药性严重威胁公共健康、经济增长和全球经济稳定。我们确认有必要从体现二十国集团自身优势的角度,采取包容的方式应对抗生素耐药性问题,以实证方法预防和减少抗生素耐药性,同时推动研发新的和现有的抗生素。


我们呼吁世界卫生组织、联合国粮农组织、世界动物卫生组织、经合组织于2017年提交联合报告,就应对这一问题及其经济影响提出政策选项。鉴此,我们将推动谨慎使用抗生素,并考虑在抗生素可负担和可获得性方面的巨大挑战及其对公共卫生的影响。


我们强烈支持世界卫生组织、联合国粮农组织、世界动物卫生组织的工作,期待在联合国大会期间成功举办抗生素耐药性问题高级别会议。我们期待在下任主席国任内就如何应对这些问题开展讨论。


抗生素耐药,很多病将无药可救!


先来看张非常惊悚的图。下图是基于至2014年的数据进行的预测,至2050年,全球由于细菌耐抗生素而造成的死亡可达到每年1000万以上,亚洲作为重灾区贡献了473万——将近一半!



抗生素耐药的现在,越来越多的患者死于多重耐药菌感染。



近年来,淋病、梅毒和衣原体对抗生素的耐药速度上升很快,且治疗选用方案越来越少。下图是抗生素发明之前梅毒患者的肖像。一旦梅毒对所有青霉素耐药,我们将重返黑暗时代。



为预防细菌耐药,我国做了这些努力——


我国各地纷纷禁止门诊输液预防抗生素滥用。



我国刚刚颁布《中国遏制细菌耐药行动计划(2016-2020年)》,从国家层面14个部门合力协作以期有效遏制细菌耐药。


畜牧业抗生素滥用比门诊更严重!


在中国,你绝对想象不到餐桌上的肉也有耐药菌!


研究人员通过三年跨五省的研究,抽检生肉、畜牧和患者样本得出:523份生肉样本中,15%携带耐药大肠杆菌;804头牲畜中,21%携带耐药菌;1322名感染患者中,有16名已感染携带MCR-1的耐药菌。这种最早在大肠杆菌中发现的耐药DNA结构MCR-1,已经传染给了肺炎链球菌和铜绿假单胞菌。



在饲料网站上,处方药利福平居然可以无需处方便宜到520/kg。在药店,最便宜的利福平达到1133/kg,基本是饲料的2.18倍。虽然门诊禁止输液一定程度减少了抗生素的使用,饲料中便宜的抗生素却没有任何门槛。


下面的全国58个流域的“抗生素环境浓度地图”首次详细披露了各地抗生素使用和排放量:中国2013年使用的16.2万吨抗生素中,兽用52%,人用48%。一年超过5万吨抗生素排放进入水土环境中。


与国外相比,中国河流总体抗生素浓度较高,测量浓度最高达7560纳克/升,平均有303纳克/升;而意大利仅为9纳克/升,美国为120纳克/升,德国是20纳克/升。虽然通过饮食进入人体产生的影响并无直接危害,却加剧了细菌耐药的情况!


中国首个抗生素污染地图,颜色越深,抗生素排放强度越大

(图片来源:中科院广州地化所应光国团队发布论文)


原始出处: 


1.http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/yzygj/s3593/201608/f1ed26a0c8774e1c8fc89dd481ec84d7.shtml

2.http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzA3MjI0MzYwOA==&mid=2658196876&idx=1&sn=85583a8ff0ed24e846c883a48198776f&scene=1&srcid=09065svDnqZQco2V2qIkj4NQ#rd

3.http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MTk1MjIwODAwMQ==&mid=2650716367&idx=4&sn=6557565d55564348576981b34b1c1ac0&scene=1&srcid=0906nW7W44iMWRRqEYTBoknQ#rd

4.http://news.ifeng.com/a/20150618/43999123_0.shtml

5. http://news.163.com/16/0818/17/BUP5KHHV00014SEH.html

6.http://news.qq.com/a/20160815/002709.htm

7.http://pic.gxnews.com.cn/staticpages/20160719/newgx578d5a1d-15159548.shtml

8.http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzA3MjI0MzYwOA==&mid=403594268&idx=1&sn=656df4ffa1b2b48ea431a8d253937d25&scene=1&srcid=0906GzqukHZwruOd2E6oxAP4#rd


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    2016-10-11 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    好文章,受益

    0

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    2016-09-11 1def43e1m07(暂无匿称)

    超级耐药结核那才叫恐怖呢,随风飘散?。

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=144462, encodeId=840014446252, content=好文章,受益, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Oct 11 15:13:41 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=121825, encodeId=79e11218259c, content=超级耐药结核那才叫恐怖呢,随风飘散?。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=479e1733973, createdName=1def43e1m07(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sun Sep 11 00:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=117082, encodeId=15e811e08242, content=医疗领域还有很多要关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRqgE6xZ8YaH0qaiaLKtuWxbvvEqX8qgSGfkiavaHP6tuo3qpnUefo1gK4oQdnKPjMdSQX6IchZ1ib2s/0, createdBy=317b1661419, createdName=反正, createdTime=Fri Sep 09 23:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1441627, encodeId=ef5d144162ee3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=64655544106' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗生素耐药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55441, encryptionId=64655544106, topicName=抗生素耐药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=1cac4876897, createdName=12498bf3m26暂无昵称, createdTime=Fri Sep 09 01:10:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=113172, encodeId=0cee1131e21e, content=学习了,分享一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Sep 07 15:49:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=113168, encodeId=663a1131683e, content=基层诊所滥用所致!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Sep 07 15:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=113169, encodeId=693e11316967, content=抗生素耐药性严重威胁公共健康、经济增长和全球经济稳定!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Sep 07 15:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=112967, encodeId=b1e411296ef2, content=好好学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45101626056, createdName=忠诚向上, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 12:42:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-09 反正

    医疗领域还有很多要关注

    0

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    2016-09-07 1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称)

    学习了,分享一下!

    0

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    2016-09-07 1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称)

    基层诊所滥用所致!!

    0

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    2016-09-07 1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称)

    抗生素耐药性严重威胁公共健康、经济增长和全球经济稳定!!

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=144462, encodeId=840014446252, content=好文章,受益, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Oct 11 15:13:41 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=121825, encodeId=79e11218259c, content=超级耐药结核那才叫恐怖呢,随风飘散?。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=479e1733973, createdName=1def43e1m07(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sun Sep 11 00:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=117082, encodeId=15e811e08242, content=医疗领域还有很多要关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRqgE6xZ8YaH0qaiaLKtuWxbvvEqX8qgSGfkiavaHP6tuo3qpnUefo1gK4oQdnKPjMdSQX6IchZ1ib2s/0, createdBy=317b1661419, createdName=反正, createdTime=Fri Sep 09 23:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1441627, encodeId=ef5d144162ee3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=64655544106' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗生素耐药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55441, encryptionId=64655544106, topicName=抗生素耐药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=1cac4876897, createdName=12498bf3m26暂无昵称, createdTime=Fri Sep 09 01:10:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=113172, encodeId=0cee1131e21e, content=学习了,分享一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Sep 07 15:49:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=113168, encodeId=663a1131683e, content=基层诊所滥用所致!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Sep 07 15:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=113169, encodeId=693e11316967, content=抗生素耐药性严重威胁公共健康、经济增长和全球经济稳定!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Sep 07 15:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=112967, encodeId=b1e411296ef2, content=好好学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45101626056, createdName=忠诚向上, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 12:42:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-07 忠诚向上

    好好学习一下

    0

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