Nat Commun:前列腺癌患者来源的移植瘤和类器官模型对治疗的反应

2021-02-22 xiaozeng MedSci原创

前列腺癌(PCa)是全球男性中第二大最常被诊断的癌症类型和第五大癌症相关死亡原因。

前列腺癌(PCa)是全球男性中第二大最常被诊断的癌症类型和第五大癌症相关死亡原因。由于前列腺的激素敏感性,雄激素剥夺疗法目前已被用于阻止肿瘤的生长。然而,一部分的肿瘤患者会出现抵抗性,且发展为去势抵抗性前列腺癌(CRPC)。

新型的雄激素抑制剂,如恩杂鲁胺(enzalutamide)和阿比特龙(abiraterone),现已被用于CRPC治疗,然而获得耐药性和肿瘤内异质性均限制了其疗效。因此迫使使用具有不同作用机制的药物。缺乏可用于治疗的早期PCa的早期早期实验模型是临床前PCa研究的主要限制。


由于缺乏能够模拟不同疾病阶段的实验模型,PCa的治疗抗性和疾病的转移过程仍不清晰。

移植瘤模型的建立

在该研究中,研究人员构建了原位治疗的软组织转移性(PNPCa)的雄激素依赖性PCa患者来源的移植瘤(PDX)模型。通过PDX组织和类器官的RNA和全外显子测序,研究人员证实了该模型与原发肿瘤的转录组和基因组的相似性。


研究显示,PNPCa具有BRCA2和CHD1基因的体细胞突变,表现出SPOP/FOXA1样的转录组学特征和微卫星不稳定性,这种情况仅发生在3%的晚期PCa患者中,且未进行在体建模。在未经FDA批准的化合物的中通量类器官筛查中,研究人员发现,未经治疗的PNPCa与其他转移性PDXs显示出不同的药物敏感性。

类器官模型中基因组特征和特定药物反应的相关性

多激酶抑制剂(帕纳替尼ponatinib、舒尼替尼sunitinib、索拉非尼sorafenib)对所有PDX模型和来自对治疗标准化合物具有耐药性的晚期患者衍生的类器官均具有广泛的疗效。


总而言之,这项原理验证研究或提供了一个临床前工具,以筛选相关的患者护理标准药物以及鉴定新型的化合物。


原始出处:

Karkampouna, S., La Manna, F., Benjak, A. et al. Patient-derived xenografts and organoids model therapy response in prostate cancer. Nat Commun 12, 1117 (18 February 2021).

 

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    2021-05-26 liye789132251
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    2021-11-13 liuli5079
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    2021-02-23 misszhang

    前列腺癌相关研究,学习了,谢谢梅斯

    0

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    2021-02-23 CHANGE

    梅斯里提供了很多疾病的模型计算公式,赞一个!

    0

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