诺华心衰新药沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠片首张处方产生

2017-09-20 佚名 新浪医药新闻

9月19日,在上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院,国内最新获批的心力衰竭治疗药物沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠片(商品名:诺欣妥)开出中国第一张处方,这标志着全球心衰治疗领域突破性创新药物正式落地中国,造福中国心衰患者。


9月19日,在上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院,国内最新获批的心力衰竭治疗药物沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠片(商品名:诺欣妥)开出中国第一张处方,这标志着全球心衰治疗领域突破性创新药物正式落地中国,造福中国心衰患者。

诺欣妥2015年先后在美国和欧盟顺利通过上市审批,并于2017年7月26日获国家食品药品监督管理总局(CFDA)批准。为尽快将其提供给中国的医生和患者,获批35天后第一批药品即从意大利生产完毕,途径瑞士巴塞尔飞抵上海。药检完毕后24小时内,第一批药品在上药控股有限公司和国药控股有限公司大力配合下,第一时间发往上海。同时被发往全国14个城市的商业公司及药店,国内广大心衰患者将能很快用上新药。

心衰患者5年生存率低,与恶性肿瘤水平相当

根据一项大规模慢性心衰流行病学调查显示,我国慢性心衰患病率达0.9%1。几乎所有的心血管疾病最终都会导致心衰的发生,它是导致65岁以上患者人群住院的首要原因2,5年死亡率大于50%,致死率是乳腺癌、肠癌等癌症的2~3倍。

据统计,导致我国心力衰竭发生的前三位病因是冠心病,高血压、瓣膜性心脏病,此外,糖尿病、扩张性心肌病、心肌炎、先天性心脏病、糖尿病等也都是心衰发生的主要病因。

心衰不仅危害大,还严重影响了患者的生活质量。患者董先生患冠心病六年多,平时浑身没劲儿、胸闷,气急,呼吸不顺畅是常有的事情,“特别是半夜里不能平卧,睡觉很容易被憋醒。”这给他和他的家人带来了极大的痛苦和心理压力。

上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院心内科主任医师金玮教授提醒,要学会辨识心衰早期的发病信号,对于心脏病或高血压患者,在过度劳累、情绪波动或者呼吸道感染以后,如果出现了呼吸困难、不能平躺、心悸、下肢水肿等表现,应该及早到心血管专科就诊。如果不知道既往有没有心脏病史,突然感到喘不上气、心慌、特别疲乏、甚至脚踝、腿出现水肿,同样应该尽快就医,排除心衰的可能。

国内心衰治疗迎来变革,14个城市患者先期受益

目前,主流的心衰药物治疗为“金三角”方案,其中第一类药是ACEI,主要作用是改善症状,改善心肌重构,保护心脏;第二大类是β-受体阻滞剂,可以降低心脏负担、改善心脏功能,改善预后;第三类醛固酮受体拮抗剂则用来改善心肌重构。

据金玮教授介绍,对于一个慢性心衰患者,首先考虑的是进行规范化药物治疗,而传统的治疗方案仍不能有效控制心衰的住院率和死亡率。在目前的标准治疗下,心衰诊断5年后,死亡率仍将近一半。可以说,近十几年来,心衰治疗一直都在呼唤更有效的药物,而沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠片的上市有着里程碑的意义。

沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠片是首个血管紧张素受体脑啡肽酶抑制剂(ARNI)类药物,不同于临床上应用的其他药物,它的主要作用机理是抑制肾素血管紧张素醛固酮系统,增强利钠肽系统。患者只要在医生指导下规范治疗,就可以改善症状、提高生活质量,降低心衰的病死率和住院率。

PARADIGM-HF研究是目前为止在射血分数下降的心衰(HFrEF)患者中规模最大的临床试验,其研究结果显示:与ACEI(依那普利)相比,沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠片能显著降低射血分数降低的心衰患者心血管死亡风险20%,心衰住院风险21%,全因死亡风险16%,显著改善心衰临床症状,提高患者生活质量。

为了能第一时间惠及中国患者,沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠片获批在华上市后,仅35天,第一批货物于8月30日就运抵了上海海关,并于9月18日通过药检;此后24小时内,第一批药品已发往全国14个城市,患者很快可凭处方拿药。首批14城市为北京、上海、广州,南京,济南,杭州,福州,武汉,天津,成都,沈阳,重庆,郑州,西安。

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