Nat Nanotechnol:纳米粒子疫苗或可改善疫苗效果

2013-12-26 张笑 中国科学报

日前,来自加州大学圣地亚哥分校的科学家们在《自然—纳米技术》(Nature Nanotechnology)上报告称,他们研发出一种维持毒素结构的疫苗会改善疫苗效果。 在未激活毒素基础上研制出的疫苗通常用来在不会导致病人病情加重的情况下,刺激产生针对比如大肠杆菌等细菌感染的免疫反应。一般我们利用化学手段或者加热方式让毒素失去活性,但是,这可能导致其结构改变,从而让疫苗失效

日前,来自加州大学圣地亚哥分校的科学家们在《自然—纳米技术》(Nature Nanotechnology)上报告称,他们研发出一种维持毒素结构的疫苗会改善疫苗效果

在未激活毒素基础上研制出的疫苗通常用来在不会导致病人病情加重的情况下,刺激产生针对比如大肠杆菌等细菌感染的免疫反应。一般我们利用化学手段或者加热方式让毒素失去活性,但是,这可能导致其结构改变,从而让疫苗失效。  

在这项研究中,研究人员设计出一种方法,可通过采用外覆盖血红细胞膜的纳米粒子捕捉毒素的方式保留葡萄球菌 α-溶血素的毒性结构。捕捉过程可保证毒素的毒性被中和,且仍然维持其诱导免疫反应的功能。

研究人员将上述方法获取的含有已失活毒素的疫苗与对照疫苗分别注入小鼠皮肤中,对比了其安全性和有效性。他们发现用纳米粒子研制的疫苗比对照疫苗产生更高浓度的抗体,所产生的抗体对中和毒素也更有效。在此效率提高的影响下,注射对照疫苗的小鼠成活率为 90%,而注射新疫苗的小鼠成活率达到了 100%。

原文出处:

Che-Ming J. Hu, Ronnie H. Fang, Brian T. Luk & Liangfang Zhang. Nanoparticle-detained toxins for safe and effective vaccination. Nature Nanotechnology, 01 December 2013; doi:10.1038/nnano.2013.254


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    2014-06-03 shock_melon
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