全国首例胎盘干细胞治疗骨关节炎临床应用获成功

2016-08-03 彭科峰 科学网

8月,江苏大学附属医院“收治”的一名骨关节炎患者在历经为期 7个月的胎盘间充质干细胞治疗后,已达到预期治疗效果。据悉,这是江苏大学附属医院与博雅干细胞合作实施的全国首例应用胎盘干细胞治疗骨关节炎,是胎盘干细胞技术在骨关节炎领域的全新突破。 证实:胎盘干细胞可促进骨关节软骨损伤修复 骨关节炎是一种退行性病变,由于关节软骨退化损伤和破坏等引起,在60岁以上的人群中患病率可

8月,江苏大学附属医院“收治”的一名骨关节炎患者在历经为期 7个月的胎盘间充质干细胞治疗后,已达到预期治疗效果。据悉,这是江苏大学附属医院与博雅干细胞合作实施的全国首例应用胎盘干细胞治疗骨关节炎,是胎盘干细胞技术在骨关节炎领域的全新突破。

证实:胎盘干细胞可促进骨关节软骨损伤修复

骨关节炎是一种退行性病变,由于关节软骨退化损伤和破坏等引起,在60岁以上的人群中患病率可达50%,75岁以上的人群中则达80%,致残率高达53%,是近年来中老年致残率最高的疾病之一。随着现代人们肥胖、不恰当运动及遗传等因素的影响,骨关节炎的发病人群越来越呈现年轻化的趋势。据江苏大学附属医院风湿免疫科主任李晶教授介绍,骨关节炎的临床表现为缓慢发展的关节疼痛、压痛、僵硬、关节肿胀、活动受限和关节畸形等。早期常表现为负重、下蹲、上楼或下楼时膝关节疼痛。

目前,三大传统治疗方式,包括药物治疗、物理治疗及手术治疗对骨关节炎的治疗效果均不理想,这促使医药企业和临床医生努力去寻找新的治疗方法。

从2012年起,江大附院与博雅就应用脐带间充质干细胞治疗系统性红斑狼疮,获得了很好的疗效,经过4年时间,已治疗了近百位患者。记者在江大附院风湿免疫科见到了一位病程长达10多年的系统性红斑狼疮患者,在通过间充质干细胞治疗二个疗程后,患者症状明显好转,身体各项机能指标处于正常状态,生活质量有了极大提高。李晶主任告诉记者,“在这些研究成果的基础上,今年我们和博雅开发了新的治疗项目,即采用胎盘间充质干细胞关节腔注射治疗骨关节炎。”

今年1月,在一个很巧合的情况下,该科已退休的医师戴主任知道自己的科室正准备实施全国首例胎盘干细胞修复骨关节软骨损伤手术,出于对医学研究的奉献精神,戴主任随即“请愿”希望自己能够成为此次首例实施患者,这意味着她将承担相当大的手术风险。在江大附院内科大楼7楼的走廊墙上,我们可以看见戴主任的照片及背景介绍,她是风湿免疫科的骨干级专家,因深受骨关节炎的“折磨”,平时走路两个膝盖的关节会疼痛,爬楼梯时疼痛感愈加明显,因此戴主任不能坚持上专家门诊,只能每周坐诊一次。

为了确保此次治疗的成功,以及对疗效的客观评估,风湿免疫科邀请了江大附院B超室主任陈宝定一起加入研究团队,术前、术后采用B超详细观察关节的组织结构变化,术中采用B超进行定位。手术进行得非常顺利,约半个小时结束。在之后六个月的随访中,戴主任的关节B超检查结果显示,关节积液从治疗前的8直至6个月后完全消失,滑膜厚度从治疗前的5.7mm到治疗后三个月骤降至2.8mm,以及6个月后稳定在2.1mm。李晶主任激动地表示,“从这些数据上来看,戴主任的骨关节软骨已得到了很好的修复,关节的滑膜炎症也得到了很好的控制。”目前,戴主任的关节肿胀与疼痛基本消失,关节活动度恢复正常,戴主任高兴得说道,“现在上下楼没有什么障碍了,也可以坚持坐诊专家门诊了,这个结果非常令人振奋。”

胎盘干细胞并非包治百病,目标是减轻患者痛苦

北京大学分子医学研究所客座教授、博雅控股集团董事长许晓椿博士在得知这个喜讯后,为江大附院在此领域的突破表示了祝贺,“近两年,胎盘干细胞在疾病的治疗上确实有了很大的进展,2015年北京解放军307医院成功进行了全球首例胎盘干细胞移植手术,这是胎盘干细胞在治疗重型再生障碍贫血的首次成功应用,同年国际上在治疗白血病和2型糖尿病也取得了明显的进展;今年北医三院联合博雅运用胎盘干细胞技术治疗早衰症也取得良好效果……”

短短时间内胎盘干细胞的临床应用涌现出了一大批成果。也是从近两年开始,众多企业、医院与科研机构之间共同协作,推动胎盘干细胞从基础科研到临床应用的快速转化。据悉,博雅干细胞与吴阶平医学基金会于去年合作成立专项基金,用于重大疾病的研究治疗,目前,国内已有近30家三甲医院使用博雅的干细胞进行临床研究与应用。

胎盘干细胞是目前所知的干细胞中最有潜力的一类:因其取材方便,不需要侵入性操作;使用不涉及伦理道德问题;且分化潜能大,增殖能力强,经过体外培养可以获得足够数量的干细胞供临床使用;免疫原性非常低,使用时不需要配型,不会发生排异反应和移植物抗宿主病;具有修复组织损伤以及免疫调节、抑制异常免疫反应的作用……正是因为胎盘干细胞的这些“优质”属性,它逐渐被一些追求利益的商家定义为“万能细胞”,似乎只要有了胎盘干细胞,便能治疗世间一切疑难杂症。

但事实上,胎盘并非“包治百病”,江苏大学附属医院汤郁博士,也是此次首例胎盘干细胞治疗骨关节炎研究团队的带头人之一,她告诉记者,目前,胎盘间充质干细胞在神经系统疾病、心血管系统疾病、血液系统疾病、免疫系统疾病及代谢性疾病等的治疗中具有广阔的应用前景。“可以说胎盘干细胞从前景来看,相对于药物、手术等常规的治疗手段,有非常大的优势。” 但对于一些人将胎盘干细胞“神化”,说它能“包治百病”,她认为这并不合适。对此,李晶主任也表示赞同,“运用胎盘间充质干细胞治疗骨关节炎,并不能使患者“返老还童”,我们是希望在一定程度上能够减轻患者的痛苦,延缓病人衰老进程。对于疾病而言,胎盘干细胞是一种治疗方式,是其中的一个希望,但不是针对所有病症都有效,需因人而异、因机体而异,不是万能的。”

干细胞产业规范化

近年来,国家政策愈发明朗,对干细胞产业的支持大家都有目共睹。2015年,《干细胞临床研究管理办法(试行)》和《干细胞制剂质量控制及临床前研究指导原则(试行)》颁布,让干细胞的研发、应用摆脱了以往无法可依的尴尬,国内干细胞产业越来越规范。此次江大附院临床应用的胎盘干细胞来源于博雅干细胞公共库,对于干细胞的选择,研究团队进行了非常认真的考察。

众所周知,干细胞质量与许多因素有关,包括干细胞的采集、运输、储存、体外培养、硬件设备、耗材试剂、操作流程、综合管理水平等多个方面。国际上有一个公认的干细胞领域的质量评估体系,就是美国血液协会的标准,简称为AABB标准。“博雅干细胞的胎盘技术是全球首家也是唯一一家通过美国AABB标准认证,所以我们放心使用了博雅提供的干细胞。”李晶主任说。“随着国家层面法规的制定,胎盘干细胞的发展逐渐走入正规,这对医生及患者来说都是一件喜闻乐见的事情。”

据了解,博雅实验室人员从液氮罐中提取样本直至送到医生手中,还需一系列操作流程:库存培养及相关检测,包括细胞形态检测、支原体检测、无菌检测、病毒检测和存活率检测等项目,确保样本的安全、有效和万无一失。

对于一家企业为何需公共库与自体库共存的情况,许晓椿博士给记者解释,“虽然说目前公共库的使用概率在降低,但是有一些特殊疾病,比如遗传性疾病,只能用异体干细胞。同时考虑到科研和产业发展等的需要,公共库干细胞的存储还是必要的。现在有关公共库与自体库的争端常见诸于各大报道,但由于两个库的查询对象不一样,从统计学的概念上两者并没有可比性。”

据悉,江大附院继完成全国首例胎盘干细胞治疗骨关节炎临床应用后,该项目在持续进行中,由于目前需要治疗的病人很多,研究团队采用登记排队的方法,依次进行安排。李晶主任表示“我们的经验是胎盘干细胞关节腔注射治疗骨关节炎是安全有效的,下一步,研究团队将检测评估每位患者的各项指标,为患者制定个人治疗计划,期待科技的力量给更多患者带去福音。”(记者彭科峰)

延伸阅读:

3D打印技术治疗骨关节炎

距离临床应用还有多远?

美国每日科学网站曾报道,科学家在实验室的芯片上培育出首例活性人体软骨。科研人员最终的目标是,利用创新性的3D打印手段,为骨关节炎患者和在运动场上受伤的运动员制造出可替换性软骨。

“3D打印技术将干细胞与基质混合在一起成形后移植到关节内,但目前这仅仅是一种设想,各国科学家们正在做一些研究实验,技术还不够成熟,许多问题还未得到有效解决,所以到临床应用还有很长一段路要走。”江苏大学附属医院风湿免疫科主任李晶说。

3D打印技术与胎盘间充质干细胞治疗都属于生物科技领域范畴,属于新兴领域,3D打印技术是一种可以提供软骨外形的技术,需要干细胞和生长基质为原料。

“我们认为,3D打印技术将干细胞混合物用于软骨的急性凹陷性缺损,效果可能比较好。”李晶补充道,“但对于骨关节炎而言,是关节软骨的整体退化,3D打印技术不如胎盘干细胞关节腔直接注射来得方便和有效。”

匹兹堡大学医学院细胞和分子工程中心主管段崇智博士说,“利用患者本人的干细胞培育人造软骨,具有极大的治疗前景。理想的情况是,科学家能令这种组织再生。”

链接:

骨关节炎的预防

1、加强锻炼,增强身体素质。经常参加体育锻炼,如保健体操、太极拳、散步等。

2、避免风寒湿邪侵袭。要防止受寒、淋雨和受潮,关节处要注意保暖,不穿湿衣、湿鞋、湿袜等。夏季暑热,不要贪凉受露,暴饮冷饮等;秋季气候干燥,但秋风送爽,天气转凉,要防止受风寒侵袭;冬季寒风刺骨,注意关节保暖是最重要的。

3、注意劳逸结合。饮食有节、起居有常,劳逸结合是强身保健的主要措施。

4、改变不恰当的运动方式:爬山爬楼等对下肢关节压力较大,应尽量避免。随着年龄在增长,应该逐步调整运动方式,以游泳和散步为主,减少大运动量的运动方式。

5、正确处理关节损伤:很多关节炎是由于关节内其他结构损伤后造成的,如膝关节半月板损伤等。早期正确处理半月板的损伤可以有效预防膝关节骨关节炎的发生。

6、关节疼痛应及时诊治:关节疼痛是关节给人体发出的警报,表示应该引起重视。关节痛患者应及时就医,防止小问题变成大问题。

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    2017-01-07 lisa438
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  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2026513, encodeId=65712026513f1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e0b110159578' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#骨关节#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101595, encryptionId=e0b110159578, topicName=骨关节)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=373b263, createdName=lisa438, createdTime=Sat Jan 07 11:19:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1835635, encodeId=890b1835635e8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cfdc22e893f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#临床应用#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=22789, encryptionId=cfdc22e893f, topicName=临床应用)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=fc8528, createdName=clmlylxy, createdTime=Mon Aug 08 15:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1265331, encodeId=dd041265331aa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=57a53011364' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#关节炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=30113, encryptionId=57a53011364, topicName=关节炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f90281, createdName=lmm397, createdTime=Fri Aug 05 07:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1406817, encodeId=3392140681ea5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2aca8365e2c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胎盘#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83657, encryptionId=2aca8365e2c, topicName=胎盘)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTItxfbnwF4Yku2j227me6wl2EGarBoTicR3tHxrMtib5tnyyEEsgxlHkk8JAS4ZjHsEF7PxhBwh1QwQ/132, createdBy=c8162575557, createdName=liuyong2981, createdTime=Fri Aug 05 07:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=95961, encodeId=9916959618a, content=继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Thu Aug 04 14:50:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=95962, encodeId=8f919596205, content=继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Thu Aug 04 14:50:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=95833, encodeId=fa3195833a0, content=具体技术细节?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/24/1c2dbd6706e64df33befd6663f1d6b37.jpg, createdBy=94f61661779, createdName=lyh994, createdTime=Thu Aug 04 09:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-08-05 lmm397
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    2016-08-04 doctorJiangchao

    继续学习

    0

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    2016-08-04 doctorJiangchao

    继续关注

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    2016-08-04 lyh994

    具体技术细节?

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