著名物理学家&渐冻人史蒂芬·霍金走了,他的勇气与坚持鼓舞了全世界

2018-03-14 王宁 健康报医生频道

刚刚,据《卫报》和 BBC 报道,当今最著名的理论物理学家之一,《时间简史》作者,史蒂芬·霍金,于 3 月 14 日去世。


愿您在宇宙漫游旅途中,一路安好!

刚刚,据《卫报》和 BBC 报道,当今最著名的理论物理学家之一,《时间简史》作者,史蒂芬·霍金,于 3 月 14 日去世。

霍金的另一个身份,可能是世界上最著名的肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症(Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,ALS)患者。

霍金在 1959 年进入牛津大学,1962 年进入剑桥大学三一学院开始研究生课程。1963 年,21 岁的霍金被诊断为 ALS,医生说他只有两年可活。

天才的大脑也足够幸运,他的病情进展比通常的病人缓慢。他开始使用拐杖,几年之后才换成了轮椅。后来,标志性的动作、挂满高科技附件的轮椅、电子合成器发出缓慢的读音,成为他的象征。

霍金曾经谈起过死亡:

I have lived with the prospect of an early death for the last 49 years. I’m not afraid of death, but I’m in no hurry to die. I have so much I want to do first

在过去的 49 年里,我一直生活在过早死亡的预期中。我不害怕死亡,但我并不急于这样做。我还有太多的事情想先做。

直到今天。

肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS)亦称渐冻人症,最明显的特征是患病后肌肉逐渐无力以至瘫痪,说话、吞咽和呼吸功能减退,直至呼吸衰竭而死亡。

我们所熟知的国际著名数学家、理论物理学家斯蒂芬?霍金就是一位渐冻人。早发现、诊断并进行科学治疗,是目前延长患者生命最有效的方法,中国ALS患者应积极治疗。

可能被误诊为脑梗或颈椎病

北京协和医院神经科主任崔丽英:几乎每个ALS患者都会经历下面这样一个过程。在早期的时候,刚开始感觉到手指头稍微有点抖,开门的时候拧钥匙费劲一点,但可以正常生活和工作,这是第一个阶段。随着病情发展,疾病对生活的影响会越来越重,如端碗、包饺子就不行了,一些细的行为如酒杯端不住了,拿筷子夹不住东西了。有的人走路的时候开始摔跤,随着病情发展摔的次数多了。这时候就诊可能被误诊为脑血栓、颈椎病等病。


发病年龄越早预后越好

北京大学第三医院神经内科主任樊东升:发病年龄早是中国ALS患者的重要特征。中国患者首次出现症状的平均年龄约为49.8岁,而日本患者首次出现症状的平均年龄为64.8岁,意大利约为64.8岁。中国ALS患者的首发症状出现年龄显著早于其他国家。发病年龄是疾病预后的重要变量,通常发病年龄越早,预后越好。中国ALS流行病学调查的结果还显示,延髓起病型(高危型)患者比例低也是中国ALS患者的特征之一,这也是中国患者预后的一大优势。

针对病因的治疗要早开始

尽管ALS是一种无法治愈的疾病,但有许多方法可以延缓疾病发展。流行病学调查显示,我国ALS的治疗过程中重视对症治疗,但忽略最为根本的针对病因治疗。我国ALS患者平均发病年龄早、延髓起病型(高危型)患者比例低的特点,如果能够尽早开始并坚持针对病因治疗,将获益更多。

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    2018-03-16 zhao4623
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    2018-03-14 1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称)

    坚强的伟大的学者.

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