清华施一公院士PNAS发表乙肝新成果

2016-02-18 何嫱 生物通

来自清华大学的研究人员对抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2与乙肝病毒蛋白HBx之间的互作进行了结构与生物化学分析,研究结果发布在2月8日的《美国国家科学院院刊》(PNAS)上。

来自清华大学的研究人员对抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2与乙肝病毒蛋白HBx之间的互作进行了结构与生物化学分析,研究结果发布在2月8日的《美国国家科学院院刊》(PNAS)上。由伦敦大学学院(UCL)领导的一项研究揭示了乙肝难愈的原因,发现乙肝通过刺激一些过程夺去了机体免疫细胞发挥功能必需的关键营养物质。

领导这一研究的是清华大学的施一公(Yigong Shi)教授。施一公研究组主要致力于运用结构生物学和生物化学的手段研究肿瘤发生和细胞凋亡的分子机制,集中于肿瘤抑制因子和细胞凋亡调节蛋白的结构和功能研究、重大疾病相关膜蛋白的结构与功能的研究、胞内生物大分子机器的结构与功能研究。回国后施一公在Nature等国际顶级期刊上发表了多篇论文,同时他也搭建起了以清华大学为中心的人才引入桥梁。2013年施一公当选为中科院院士。

2016年开年,施一公课题组即在《科学》(Science)杂志发表了一项重磅成果,他们获得了分辨率为3.8埃( )的U4/U6.U5 三小核核糖核蛋白复合物(U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP)三维结构,由此提供有关剪接体(spliceosome)组装和催化的新见解。

我国是乙型肝炎高发区,乙型肝炎病毒X基因(HBx)及其编码的多功能蛋白HBx是乙型肝炎病毒感染与复制所必需的作用因子,在乙肝的致病过程中起到重要作用。HBx可直接或间接改变肝脏结构细胞的结构和功能,引发肝脏细胞的凋亡;具有广泛的非特异性反式激活作用,反式激活细胞内的某些癌基因或病毒基因,与乙型肝炎和肝细胞癌的发生关系十分密切。但目前对于HBx的结构和功能及HBx诱导癌变的分子机制仍知之甚少。

细胞凋亡是受到严格调节的细胞死亡方式,是当前生命科学研究中最热门的领域之一。Bcl-2蛋白家族是控制线粒体致凋亡因子释放的主要调节因子。2012年科罗拉多大学波尔得分校的华人科学家薛定教授率先发现了Bcl-2蛋白家族的两个成员Bcl-2和Bcl-xL是HBx的两个人类细胞“宿主靶点”。当在人类肝细胞中敲除或敲低Bcl-2或Bcl-xL蛋白时,HBx不能引起感染细胞内钙离子增高及病毒复制。

在最新的PNAS文章中,施一公课题组报告了HBx的生物化学与结构特征。他们揭示出重组HBx蛋白包含有一些金属离子,特别是铁离子和锌离子。HBx的BH3样模体(110–135位残基)以大大低于Bim或Bad典型BH3模体的解离常数:大约93 μM的解离常数结合Bcl-2。结构分析揭示,与其他的BH3模体相似,HBx的BH3样模体采用了一种两亲性α-螺旋,结合了Bcl-2上保守的BH3结合小沟。不同于螺旋形的Bim或Bad BH3模体,结合HBx BH3样模体的C端部分采用了伸展的构象,使得与Bcl-2的互作大为减少。

这些结果表明,HBx有可能以一种不同于经典BH3-only蛋白方式调节了Bcl-2的功能。

全球有2.4亿人罹患慢性乙型肝炎,每年有78万人死于由它引起的肝硬化和肝癌;现有的治疗方法很少能够治愈这种感染。由伦敦大学学院(UCL)领导的一项研究揭示了乙肝难愈的原因,发现乙肝通过刺激一些过程夺去了机体免疫细胞发挥功能必需的关键营养物质。

 

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    2016-08-29 drwjr
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    2016-12-28 wgx306
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    2016-02-22 ssummer

    0

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    2016-02-22 xjbtdbs150wgf

    临床治疗意义在哪里呢?

    0

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    2016-02-20 医生2397
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    2016-02-19 快乐时光

    单独乙肝核心抗体 好多年阳性 是什么原因呢

    0

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    2016-02-18 忠诚向上

    有用

    0

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    2016-02-18 wei834766788

    施一公院士

    0

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