美国批准**致癌代谢物合成抑制剂,针对急性髓性白血病

2017-08-03 贺梨萍 澎湃新闻

当地时间8月1日,美国食品和药品管理局(FDA)网站宣布,批准新药变异IDH2抑制剂enasidenib (商品名Idhifa,曾用名AG-221)上市,用于治疗罹患复发性或难治性急性髓性白血病(AML)、且带有IDH2突变的成人患者。FDA还同时批准了雅培(Abbott Laboratories)的实时IDH2检验试剂盒。急性髓性白血病是一种成年人中最常见的急性白血病,发病率随着年龄的增加而增加

当地时间8月1日,美国食品和药品管理局(FDA)网站宣布,批准新药变异IDH2抑制剂enasidenib (商品名Idhifa,曾用名AG-221)上市,用于治疗罹患复发性或难治性急性髓性白血病(AML)、且带有IDH2突变的成人患者。FDA还同时批准了雅培(Abbott Laboratories)的实时IDH2检验试剂盒。

急性髓性白血病是一种成年人中最常见的急性白血病,发病率随着年龄的增加而增加,其特点是病情发展迅速、治疗预后较差易出现复发。美国国立卫生研究院国家癌症研究所预计,美国2017年被确诊为急性髓性白血病的患者大约有21380人,而因急性髓性白血病死亡的人数将达到10590人。而近年来,有15%左右的急性髓性白血病发现带有IDH2突变,由此引发科学界提出将突变IDH2蛋白作为新药物靶点。

IDH2即新陈代谢基因异柠檬酸脱氢酶2,属于能量代谢的一个酶,能催化异柠檬酸到酮戊二酸的转化。IDH2突变之后,则获得了一种生成特异性代谢产物2-羟基戊二酸的新能力。此前有研究证实,癌症患者体内2-羟基戊二酸高水平累积,因此被称为是一种“癌代谢产物”。

此番FDA新批准上市的这款药物,正是一款IDH2抑制剂,由两家美国制药公司Agios和Celgene合作推出。有别于癌症治疗中的化疗、免疫疗法,Idhifa属于代谢疗法,即通过降低致癌代谢产物间接抑制肿瘤生长。

值得注意的是,Idhifa是第一个上市的致癌代谢物合成抑制剂,也是FDA批准的唯一一款针对这一特殊患者群体的疗法,并且在进入临床4年后就获得了上市批准。据悉,该药物每月使用费用约25000美元,患者平均用药时间约为4个月。

美国FDA肿瘤卓越中心主任Richard Pazdur博士表示,“Idhifa是一种靶向药物,填补了带有IDH2突变的复发性或难治性急性髓性白血病的治疗需求空白,能为患者带来完全缓解作用和减少红细胞、血小板输血的必要性。”Agios的首席执行官David Schenkein博士则提到:“我们期待与Celgene密切合作,共同对Idhifa进行推广,使全美罹患这一恶性疾病的患者能用上它。”

值得一提的是,Idhifa比预期上市时间提前了一个月。今年3月初,FDA宣布将受理Agios和Celgene的变异IDH2抑制剂enasidenib的上市申请,PDUFA(处方药付费法案)计划批准日期为2017年8月30日。FDA官网显示,Idhifa获得了优先审批,同时也是一种孤儿药(用于预防、治疗、诊断罕见病的药品)。

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    2018-06-10 jklm09
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    2017-08-05 jambiya
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