Lancet子刊:警惕!颈动脉更狭窄一点,中风的风险可能就翻倍?!

2021-02-27 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

5年后同侧卒中风险随着颈动脉狭窄程度的增加而增加

颈动脉狭窄是一个公认的卒中危险因素和血管疾病标志物。但截止目前,尚未对颈动脉狭窄进行基于人群的筛查试验,因此临床上无症状颈动脉狭窄的最佳治疗方法仍不确定。

目前可选方案主要是单独使用最佳药物治疗或与血管重建术(颈动脉内膜切除术或颈动脉支架术)联合使用以预防卒中。既往试验显示,与单独使用最佳药物疗法相比,血管内治疗长期获益较小,同时还可能带来额外的手术伤害。

自2007年以来,美国预防服务特别工作组(USPSTF)一直推荐D级证据,即反对在普通成人人群中筛查无症状的颈动脉狭窄。不久前,USPSTF在JAMA杂志更新了最新的研究成果。与美国心脏协会(AHA)/美国卒中协会(ASA)的建议相吻合,该工作组建议对于没有中风、神经系统症状或短暂性脑缺血发作症状的成年人来说,不需要进行无症状颈动脉狭窄筛查。

那么,我们不禁想问,对于哪些无症状颈动脉狭窄患者应该接受手术治疗呢?来自英国牛津大学血管研究中心的专家团队想要确定在接受药物治疗的患者中,无症状狭窄的程度和同侧卒中风险之间是否有任何联系。为此,研究团队将相关结果发表在《柳叶刀》子刊Lancet Neurology杂志上。

牛津血管研究(OxVasc)是一项基于人群的前瞻性研究与系统回顾分析。研究人员分析了2002年4月1日至2017年4月1日期间,所有疑似短暂性脑缺血发作或卒中发作的患者,同时所有患者均为无症状颈动脉狭窄者。

对所有参与者进行规范的药物治疗,并进行了随访以确定该人群发生同侧卒中的风险。随后,研究人员还对所有报告无症状颈动脉狭窄患者同侧卒中风险的已发表研究(1980年1月1日至2020年10月1日)进行了系统回顾和meta分析。

在2002年4月1日至2017年4月1日期间,共有2354名患者纳入该研究。2178名患者接受了颈动脉血管成像检查,其中207名患者至少有一个颈动脉分叉处有50–99%的无症状性狭窄(成像时的平均年龄:77±5岁[SD 10±3];88 [43%]名妇女)。

结果显示,5年后同侧卒中风险随着颈动脉狭窄程度的增加而增加。其中,狭窄程度为70-99%的患者比狭窄程度为50-69%的患者有5年同侧卒中风险更高(6/53名 vs 0/157]。同样,与狭窄程度为50-79%的患者相比,狭窄程度为80-99%的患者患5年同侧卒中的风险也明显更高(5例[18.3 vs 1.0%)。

随后,在系统综述中确定的56项研究(包括13717名患者)中,23项提供了按照无症状狭窄程度分层的同侧卒中风险数据(8419名患者)。结果提示,卒中风险与同侧狭窄程度呈线性相关。70-99%狭窄的患者比50-69%狭窄的患者卒中风险高110%,而狭窄率为80-99%的患者比狭窄率为50-79%的患者风险更是高150%!

进一步分析发现,与队列研究相比,动脉内膜切除术的随机对照试验结果与队列研究结果高度不一致。研究人员认为,该结果说明重度与中度狭窄患者研究之间卒中风险存在明显异质性。

为此,研究人员指出,尽管药物治疗取得了进展,但高度无症状颈动脉狭窄患者的中风风险仍然很高,这表明目前的指南可能低估了手术干预的益处。相反,来自中度狭窄现代药物治疗患者的长达5年的随访数据表明,该人群的中风风险较低,这就对血管重建的任何益处提出了质疑。

未来,在这个方面还需要更多大样本、无选择偏倚的干预RCT进行证据论证。

 

参考文献:

Risk of stroke in relation to degree of asymptomatic carotid stenosis: a population-based cohort study, systematic review, and meta-analysis. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(20)30484-1

 

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    2022-02-19 130a765fm69暂无昵称

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    2021-06-02 124292adm29暂无昵称

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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1195180, encodeId=e1b41195180bd, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=00b23462159, createdName=130a765fm69暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Feb 19 21:55:01 CST 2022, time=2022-02-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1831041, encodeId=cc521831041fa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智慧医人, createdTime=Sun May 23 15:07:02 CST 2021, time=2021-05-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=970213, encodeId=78699e021365, content=值得推广, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/vyAkV8zQqYbLSIGQRrZmSqLvwibFDXpiaOuvIibCUFSwLp2ID4nTOupHSU2ygjh7vUqoibglOLZwQrrF8SdchMVIibg/132, createdBy=02b72465928, createdName=124292adm29暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed Jun 02 06:22:45 CST 2021, time=2021-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1843609, encodeId=ac531843609f1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dab8100523bb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#颈动脉#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100523, encryptionId=dab8100523bb, topicName=颈动脉)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=416347, createdName=mhzhuang@stu.e, createdTime=Wed Mar 31 02:07:02 CST 2021, time=2021-03-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=944566, encodeId=e38d944566f2, content=好文!对无症状颈动脉狭窄必须进行筛查!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210703/9c448fe1b3b54fd7bc9477662f4861bb/4bdadad22bfd46f2921aabb4c40265d3.jpg, createdBy=a8d81938466, createdName=weigq, createdTime=Mon Mar 01 21:29:56 CST 2021, time=2021-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1034187, encodeId=a3b5103418e3b, content=顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=goodbing, createdTime=Sat Feb 27 21:07:02 CST 2021, time=2021-02-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1046024, encodeId=b0fe104602418, content=中风是俗称,应该称为缺血性卒中吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=guging, createdTime=Sat Feb 27 21:07:02 CST 2021, time=2021-02-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-03-01 weigq

    好文!对无症状颈动脉狭窄必须进行筛查!

    0

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    2021-02-27 goodbing

    顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1195180, encodeId=e1b41195180bd, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=00b23462159, createdName=130a765fm69暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Feb 19 21:55:01 CST 2022, time=2022-02-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1831041, encodeId=cc521831041fa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智慧医人, createdTime=Sun May 23 15:07:02 CST 2021, time=2021-05-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=970213, encodeId=78699e021365, content=值得推广, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/vyAkV8zQqYbLSIGQRrZmSqLvwibFDXpiaOuvIibCUFSwLp2ID4nTOupHSU2ygjh7vUqoibglOLZwQrrF8SdchMVIibg/132, createdBy=02b72465928, createdName=124292adm29暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed Jun 02 06:22:45 CST 2021, time=2021-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1843609, encodeId=ac531843609f1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dab8100523bb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#颈动脉#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100523, encryptionId=dab8100523bb, topicName=颈动脉)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=416347, createdName=mhzhuang@stu.e, createdTime=Wed Mar 31 02:07:02 CST 2021, time=2021-03-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=944566, encodeId=e38d944566f2, content=好文!对无症状颈动脉狭窄必须进行筛查!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210703/9c448fe1b3b54fd7bc9477662f4861bb/4bdadad22bfd46f2921aabb4c40265d3.jpg, createdBy=a8d81938466, createdName=weigq, createdTime=Mon Mar 01 21:29:56 CST 2021, time=2021-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1034187, encodeId=a3b5103418e3b, content=顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=goodbing, createdTime=Sat Feb 27 21:07:02 CST 2021, time=2021-02-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1046024, encodeId=b0fe104602418, content=中风是俗称,应该称为缺血性卒中吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=guging, createdTime=Sat Feb 27 21:07:02 CST 2021, time=2021-02-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-02-27 guging

    中风是俗称,应该称为缺血性卒中吧

    0