Nature:新方法精准定量肠道菌群!

2017-11-16 Juka 心湖 转化医学网

比利时鲁汶大学科学家构建了一种基于序列扩增和流式细胞计数技术的新型微生物计数和定量方法。基于这种新的粪便微生物分析定量方法,研究人员能够更为准确地对不同人类个体的肠道菌群特征进行更为精准地描述。同时,这些新的方法还能帮助研究人员将不同人的肠道菌群与他们自身的肠道差异联系起来,更加真实地反映人们肠道的微生态。

比利时鲁汶大学科学家构建了一种基于序列扩增和流式细胞计数技术的新型微生物计数和定量方法。基于这种新的粪便微生物分析定量方法,研究人员能够更为准确地对不同人类个体的肠道菌群特征进行更为精准地描述。同时,这些新的方法还能帮助研究人员将不同人的肠道菌群与他们自身的肠道差异联系起来,更加真实地反映人们肠道的微生态。

该研究对应文章名为Quantitative microbiome profiling links gut community variation to microbial load。同样发表于最新上线的Nature杂志。

在这项研究之前,大多数基于测序技术的人类粪便样本肠道微生物分析方法都集中于通过对不同微生物群和代谢途径的测序分析建立样本序列文库。尽管这些方法能够有效地检测和揭示与疾病相关的肠道微生物结构变化,但这些方法对肠道微生物与宿主肠道相互作用的反映能力却十分有限。

同时,对不同肠道菌群的比较分析也不能有效地体现出具体菌群丰度与具体大分子代谢潜力的变化。在不同种微生物数量差别很大的情况下,研究人员很难基于测序比对将微生物的具体特征与诸如代谢物浓度或宿主生理参数等其他重要数据联系起来。

总体来说,目前大多数对于肠道微生物菌群结构的研究并不能体现出具体微生物数量改变给宿主带来的影响。这些研究相对忽略了整体微生物丰度变化可能是引起宿主产生疾病的主要原因。

为了解决这些问题,鲁汶大学科学家将基于测序技术的微生物分类方法与流式细胞技术相结合,将肠道菌群结构与肠道本身的具体类型相联系,有效地阐述了肠道微生物丰度变化对肠道菌群结构以及肠道表型的具体影响。

基于这种方法,研究人员通过对克罗恩病患者肠道微生物的定量分析,研究人员避免了肠道微生物相互作用网络重建中的组成性效应,揭示了克罗恩病肠道微生物组对比分析方法中对类杆菌和普雷沃氏菌的分类折衷并没能有效地反映病人肠道的真实情况。

基于序列扩增比对和流式细胞计数的结合,研究人员最终确定微生物丰度的改变才是引起克罗恩病患者肠道微生物结构发生改变的根本原因。

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    2018-10-31 一叶知秋
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    2017-11-17 戒馋,懒,贪

    谢谢分享学习了

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发表于《Science》上的一篇论文揭示了肠道菌群的作用可能并不仅仅局限于我们认知的那么小的范围。在不同的癌症之中,比如黑色素瘤,其实肠道菌群也可能有着重要的作用。

NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes:抗癌药变成夺命药,肠道菌群竟然还有这种“妖艳”的一面!

我们采取药物治疗的时候,不同的人因为体质的不同往往会产生不同的反应。但是体质到底是怎么回事,很少有人能弄得清除。近期一项研究揭示了肠道菌群可能会告诉人们为什么有的药物服用下去反而会产生危害生命的副作用。

nature:有盐任性的肠道菌群:高盐摄入改变肠道微生物诱发小鼠高血压

本周《自然》在线发表的一项研究Salt-responsive gut commensal modulates TH17 axis and disease报告称,高盐摄入会改变小鼠的肠道菌群。鉴于肠道菌群在疾病中的作用得到越来越高的认可,上述发现凸显了肠道微生物组作为潜在治疗靶标对抗盐敏感性疾病的潜力。