Nat Comm:卵巢上皮干细胞的身份属性及其在排卵后卵巢上皮的修复的作用

2019-11-02 BioArtc BioArt

卵巢由单层的卵巢上皮细胞所覆盖。在成年小鼠的生理周期内,在垂体分泌的卵泡刺激激素和促黄体生成激素诱导下,成熟的卵泡排出卵子。排卵时卵巢上皮破裂,卵子得以释放。排卵后,破裂的卵巢上皮进行修复。由于小鼠生理周期时间很短(每4-5天),卵巢上皮的修复需要非常高效的机制,在排卵后12小时至3天内,伤口就需要被完全修复。这个随着生理周期反复出现的损伤修复的现象,提示在卵巢上皮中存在着干细胞。然而,排卵后卵巢

卵巢由单层的卵巢上皮细胞所覆盖。在成年小鼠的生理周期内,在垂体分泌的卵泡刺激激素和促黄体生成激素诱导下,成熟的卵泡排出卵子。排卵时卵巢上皮破裂,卵子得以释放。排卵后,破裂的卵巢上皮进行修复。由于小鼠生理周期时间很短(每4-5天),卵巢上皮的修复需要非常高效的机制,在排卵后12小时至3天内,伤口就需要被完全修复。这个随着生理周期反复出现的损伤修复的现象,提示在卵巢上皮中存在着干细胞。然而,排卵后卵巢上皮的修复机制还知之甚少。

2019年10月31日,中科院分子细胞科学卓越创新中心(生化与细胞所)曾艺研究组与长征医院生殖中心李文研究组合作在Nature Communications杂志上发表文章Procr-expressing progenitor cells are responsible for murine ovulatory rupture repair of ovarian surface epithelium,鉴定了小鼠卵巢上皮干细胞并揭示了其生理功能。

曾艺研究组前期的工作首次鉴定了小鼠乳腺中表达protein C receptor(Procr)标记分子的成体干细胞。本项研究首先发现Procr在约10%的卵巢上皮中表达,Procr阳性细胞分布在卵巢上皮多个位置,不局限于以往报道的卵巢门niche的位置。Procr阳性细胞具有更高的分裂能力。在排卵后的12小时内,破裂口附近的Procr细胞可能通过对称分裂迅速扩大干细胞池。在排卵后上皮修复过程中,来源于Procr细胞的子代细胞是损伤修复的主要贡献者。

谱系示踪实验证明,Procr阳性细胞是排卵后卵巢上皮损伤修复的主要细胞来源。

通过Procr-CreER;R26-mTmG小鼠对Procr阳性细胞在排卵后修复阶段进行谱系示踪,证实了Procr阳性细胞是卵巢上皮破裂修复的主要细胞来源。

通过靶向性杀伤Procr阳性细胞,研究者验证了Procr阳性细胞对损伤修复的重要作用。

通过Procr-CreER;R26-DTA小鼠靶向杀伤Procr阳性细胞,发现卵巢上皮在排卵后修复延迟。

在体外培养中,Procr阳性细胞具有更强的克隆形成能力,并且能够长期传代和扩增,由此研究者首次建立了卵巢上皮细胞体外长期培养的体系。最后研究人员对比了Procr阳性细胞与之前报道的Lgr5阳性细胞,发现两者是卵巢上皮中的不同亚群,并通过谱系示踪实验证明,Procr阳性细胞在成年小鼠的卵巢上皮自稳态维持中有更显着的贡献。

此外,这项工作建立卵巢上皮研究的几个新的实验方法。其一,建立了小鼠卵巢上皮细胞准确的流式分选方法(利用表面标记分子Lin-,EpCAM+);其二, 建立了小鼠卵巢上皮细胞体外长期培养体系,有助于于卵巢上皮细胞的机制研究;其三,建立了小鼠卵巢的全组织共聚焦显微成像技术,可以在完整3D视野上观察卵巢排卵前后的损伤修复情况。综上所述,这项工作发现了小鼠卵巢上皮干细胞的身份属性,为成体干细胞在损伤修复中的贡献和应答机制提供了新的证据和新的见解。

据悉,这项研究由中科院分子细胞科学卓越创新中心(生化与细胞所)曾艺研究组与长征医院生殖中心李文研究组合作完成。生化与细胞所博士生王经强为本文第一作者,曾艺研究员和李文教授为该论文的共同通讯作者。

原始出处:
Wang J1, Wang D1, Chu K2,et al.Procr-expressing progenitor cells are responsible for murine ovulatory rupture repair of ovarian surface epithelium.Nat Commun. 2019 Oct 31;10(1):4966. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-12935-7.

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    2019-11-05 独孤立克

    干细胞是热点,但是进入临床仍然需要时间和临床疗效验证哦

    0