J Am Coll Cardiol:看看硝酸甘油和其他氮氧化物在心血管治疗中都有哪些作用

2017-12-26 佚名 环球医学

2017年美国科学家在《J Am Coll Cardiol》发文,介绍了硝酸甘油和其他氮氧化物在心血管治疗中的作用。

2017年美国科学家在《J Am Coll Cardiol》发文,介绍了硝酸甘油和其他氮氧化物在心血管治疗中的作用。

在1847年硝酸甘油最初合成之后不久,就开始使用硝酸甘油治疗心绞痛了。从那时起,氮氧化物的开发作为生物效应器和能更好的理解其在血管舒张、细胞的通透性、血小板功能、炎症和其他血管过程中的作用,就加深了研究人员对有机硝酸盐治疗(通过一氧化氮依赖性和一氧化氮独立性机制)产生的血流动力学(多数通过电容和电导动脉血管舒张介导)和非血流动力学效应的认识。硝酸盐可以被黏膜、消化道和皮肤快速吸收,因此,硝酸甘油可以制备成多种途径给药的制剂:口服片剂、舌下片剂、含片、舌下喷雾剂、透皮软膏、透皮贴剂以及静脉制剂。有机硝酸盐常用于心血管疾病的治疗,但是临床数据限制了它们主要用于心绞痛的治疗,也经常用于治疗心衰和肺动脉高压患者的亚组。硝酸盐使用的一个主要局限性是耐受性的发生。虽然已经研究了几种用于预防硝酸盐耐药的药物,但是由于缺乏支持性的临床数据,目前没有一个被推荐。仅有一种预防硝酸盐耐受的方法仍然被广泛接受:使用剂量策略在每24小时期间提供一次无硝酸盐暴露或低硝酸盐暴露的间隔。一氧化氮在一些心血管疾病机制中的重要作用,继续推动寻找可影响这种关键分子介质内源性和外源性来源的新方法的研究。

原始出处:
Divakaran S, Loscalzo J.The Role of Nitroglycerin and Other Nitrogen Oxides in Cardiovascular Therapeutics.J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017 Nov 7;70(19):2393-2410. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.09.1064.

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    2018-05-27 waiwai3030
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    2017-12-26 天地飞扬

    学习学习.谢谢分享!

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