J Orthop Trauma:老年髋臼骨折ORIF术后关节置换率超1/4

2014-04-09 佚名 丁香园

青年患者髋臼骨折通常选择切开复位内固定手术治疗,但是由于合并多种内科疾病、骨质条件差、存在髋部关节炎等情况,老年髋臼骨折患者的处理和年轻患者不同,对于哪种方法是老年髋臼骨折治疗的最佳方案始终存在争议。在临床工作中全髋置换、经皮固定、切开复位内固定、非手术治疗等方法均被用于老年髋臼骨折。【原文下载】 切开复位内固定治疗老年髋臼骨折,可以及早缓解患者疼痛,帮助患者早期活动

青年患者髋臼骨折通常选择切开复位内固定手术治疗,但是由于合并多种内科疾病、骨质条件差、存在髋部关节炎等情况,老年髋臼骨折患者的处理和年轻患者不同,对于哪种方法是老年髋臼骨折治疗的最佳方案始终存在争议。在临床工作中全髋置换、经皮固定、切开复位内固定、非手术治疗等方法均被用于老年髋臼骨折。【原文下载】

切开复位内固定治疗老年髋臼骨折,可以及早缓解患者疼痛,帮助患者早期活动,和全髋关节置换相比,手术暴露及创伤较小。即使是当患者后期出现创伤性关节炎的时候,因为髋臼骨折已经愈合,再进行全髋置换手术也比髋臼骨折后直接全髋置换要方便。

美国巴尔的摩的Robert V. O’Toole教授进行了一项回顾性研究,以探讨切开复位内固定治疗老年髋臼骨折后患者的中长期临床疗效以及内固定术后进行全髋关节置换手术的情况。其研究结果在线发表在2014年3月的J Orthop Trauma上。

2001年至2006年之间共有147例年龄超过60岁的老年髋臼骨折患者住院治疗。29例患者无法取得联系,46例患者在本次研究前死亡,其中30例患者在术后1年内死亡,术后1年患者死亡率为25%(30例/118例)。最终有61例患者符合研究标准进入研究,其中46例患者进行了切开复位内固定术,平均年龄69岁(范围60-88岁),绝大多数受伤原因为高能量损伤,平均随访4.4年(范围1.1年-8.0年)。其中28例患者使用后侧Kocher–Langenbach入路进行手术,5例患者使用扩展髂股入路,13例患者使用前侧入路(髂腹股沟入路6例,显露或不显露外侧手术窗的Stoppa入路5例,Smith-Petersen入路2例)。术后12周完全负重行走。

由两名未参与患者临床治疗的作者电话随访患者,了解受伤髋部是否进行了关节置换,如果进行了关节置换,则进一步了解关节置换时间、原因、以及其他并发症情况。同时,电话随访了解患者的行走能力、是否存在髋部疼痛等情况。按照西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数(WOMAC)对患侧髋关节进行功能评分,WOMAC指数包括3个部分:功能(71%)、疼痛(21%)和僵硬(8%)。使用SF-8健康量表了解患者生理和心理健康情况。

通过研究,作者发现28%(13例/46例)的切开复位内固定患者在术后0.4年-5.5年之间进行全髋关节置换手术,平均关节置换手术时间为初次内固定术后2.2年,进行关节置换的13例患者中,38%的患者主诉为不能长距离行走,46%的患者则是因为髋部疼痛,经统计学分析关节置换翻修患者的这两种情况的发生率和未进行关节置换的患者相似。46例患者的平均SF-8生理评分为46.1,和美国普通老年人的评分相似。平均WOMAC评分为17.3(范围0-56)。去除13例进行全髋置换手术的患者以后,切开复位内固定组患者的WOMAC评分为18.8,该评分结果和因关节炎行关节置手术的患者相似或优于后者,并且要明显优于关节炎患者。

原始出处:

O'Toole RV1, Hui E, Chandra A, Nascone JW.How often does open reduction and internal fixation of geriatric acetabular fractures lead to hip arthroplasty?J Orthop Trauma. 2014 Mar;28(3):148-53. doi: 10.1097/BOT.0b013e31829c739a.【原文下载】

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    2015-02-09 siiner
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    2014-08-18 yxch48
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    2014-05-05 bsmagic9140

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