持续冲洗治疗脊柱融合术后早期深部感染安全有效

2014-12-18 杨小政 丁香园

切口深部感染在脊柱手术后是一种常见的并发症。目前的处理方式需要不断清创冲洗,直到伤口愈合。这种处理方法增加了住院时间、费用以及来往于手术室的次数,有时甚至达不到预期效果。作者认为积极清创和一期缝合加上持续冲洗及负压吸引能够减少进入手术室清创的次数。 为了证明持续冲洗和吸引的疗效,上海交通大学附属上海六院的Jian-Guang Xu等人通过回顾性研究的方式,提出持续冲洗吸引治疗脊柱后路融合固定术后

切口深部感染在脊柱手术后是一种常见的并发症。目前的处理方式需要不断清创冲洗,直到伤口愈合。这种处理方法增加了住院时间、费用以及来往于手术室的次数,有时甚至达不到预期效果。作者认为积极清创和一期缝合加上持续冲洗及负压吸引能够减少进入手术室清创的次数。

为了证明持续冲洗和吸引的疗效,上海交通大学附属上海六院的Jian-Guang Xu等人通过回顾性研究的方式,提出持续冲洗吸引治疗脊柱后路融合固定术后早期切口深部感染是一种安全有效的方法。文章最近发表在Spinal Disorders &Techniques杂志上。

研究选入了2004年至2009年的23例确诊病例。包括14例男性和9例女性,平均年龄为52.9岁(19-78岁)。

所有病人都采用后入正中切口。平均融合节段为2.4(1-11)都预防性应用抗生素。确诊感染平均在术后13天(7-21天)。症状有伤口渗出(23例,100%)、腰痛(9例,39.1%)、发热(7例,30.4%)、局部肿胀(4例,17.4%)。

感染至清创之间平均为3.8天(1-8天),所有处理流程相同,暴露伤口(18例完全切口,5例部分切开),细菌培养取样,清创后将两根引流管放入筋膜下,生理盐水持续冲洗加负压吸引。

随访期间,以ODI(Oswestry disability index)、JOA(Japanese Orthopedic Association)指数、和影像学手段作为疗效的评估方式。

经药敏实验后,后续抗生素治疗为:静脉注射平均10.3天(7-14天)加口服平均13.1天(7-21天)。冲洗平均12.0天(7-16天)。

其中21例治疗后切口顺利愈合,两例除外(第16例,73岁女性,引流管拔出后,伤口张开1cm,每天换药两次,三周后愈合。第23例,70岁女性,伤口于13天后愈合,但在第6周发生败血症,抗生素静脉注射4周加口服3周治疗。在随后的三年随访时间内无细菌或感染迹象。)。

切口愈合出院后,继续平均30.6月的随访(24-54月),随访期间无切口感染迹象和其他抗生素需求(第23例除外,已提及)。

平均ODI指数:由术前的53.4 ±18.7增加到随访后的18.3 ±11.2 。平均JOA指数:由术前的15.5 ± 4.1降到随访后的24.3 ± 3.8。

23例病人中无置入物相关并发症和移除固定器或融合器的需要。其中22例病人脊柱活动度不受影响,均无神经系统并发症。

先前许多研究认为,深切口感染需要2到10次的再次清创。经过持续的冲洗和吸引后,无需再次进入手术室做二次清创,具有显著优势。

许多研究者认为抗生素治疗需要6周的静脉注射和几周口服时间,相比而言,经过持续冲洗和引流后,只需平均10.3天的静脉注射加13.1天的口服时间,大大减少了抗生素的使用。

通过上述研究结果作者认为持续的冲洗和吸引治疗后路脊柱融合术后早期切口深部感染是一种安全有效的技术。

原始出处

Lian XF1, Xu JG, Zeng BF, Liu XK, Li H, Qiu ML, Yang EZ.Continuous irrigation and drainage for early postoperative deep wound infection after posterior instrumented spinal fusion.J Spinal Disord Tech. 2014 Dec;

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    2015-04-12 x35042875

    患OS这个疾病的高风险人群提供干预措施以避免不良预后和机械治疗措施

    0

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    2014-12-20 licz0427
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