Int J Obstet Anesth:剖腹产Tarlov囊肿如何进行脊髓麻醉?

2019-01-25 汐雨 医博士

Tarlov囊肿高发,向麻醉科医师提出了挑战。周围神经囊肿可导致脊髓麻醉失败。Tarlov囊肿的相关症状可以被分娩期镇痛麻醉所掩饰或诱发。近期,International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia杂志上报道了一例24岁行剖宫产的Tarlov囊肿患者,成功地进行了麻醉。

周围神经(Tarlov)囊肿是脑膜的病理性扩张,形成于周围神经和神经内膜之间。Tarlov囊肿发生在背根神经节的脊神经上(图1)。Tarlov囊肿可发生于10%的成年人中,随着改进的磁共振成像和计算机断层扫描(CT)技术的出现,该病可以确诊。


图1:神经周围囊肿的示意图

Tarlov囊肿高发,向麻醉科医师提出了挑战。周围神经囊肿可导致脊髓麻醉失败。Tarlov囊肿的相关症状可以被分娩期镇痛麻醉所掩饰或诱发。近期,International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia杂志上报道了一例24岁行剖宫产的Tarlov囊肿患者,成功地进行了麻醉。

病例介绍

孕妇24岁(G2P0,以前有流产史),体重80kg,身高174cm。在孕40周时来我院行剖腹产手术。S1水平左侧Tarlov囊肿(18?mm?×?16?mm?×?12?mm)。囊肿的发展无明确因素(如结蹄组织疾病或外伤),患者称自己大概每3个月就有1次头疼、背痛和压迫性坐骨神经痛,采用扑热息痛、可待因进行镇痛,行囊肿引流术,注射类固醇与局部麻醉剂混合使用。

患者分娩前18个月,接受CT引导下注射类固醇(地塞米松8毫克,2毫升),布比卡因(0.5毫升0.5%)在L5-S1水平。2个月后CT引导下引流,引流出2mL脑脊液,用5毫升血液进行硬膜外血液补片,以减少硬脑膜穿刺后头痛的风险(图2,图3)。在分娩前十三个月,在CT透视下排出2毫升液体,并进行重复的血液补片。


图2:剖宫产术前18个月,患者S1神经根显示左侧神经管囊肿


图3:CT透视图像,剖宫产术前18个月,患者左侧S1神经管囊肿

鉴于患者未侵犯腰椎且没有神经症状,考虑剖腹产时采用标准的单次脊髓麻醉。在麻醉时,应用无菌技术,包括长袍、无菌手套、窗帘和用氯己定2%与酒精制成的皮肤制剂。采用5ml 1%利多卡因进行局部浸润,27G针顺利插入L3-4间隙。0.5%布比卡因、20μg芬太尼、100μg鞘内注射吗啡后,剖宫产手术顺利,无需进一步干预或抢救镇痛。

术后未见严重并发症,电话随访6个月后,患者偶尔有乏力、头疼等症状。此外,她经历的间歇性双侧腰痛,与坐姿有关。这些症状被认为与继发性肾积液囊肿积液有关。

鉴于Tarlov手术有风险和术后康复耗时,神经外科医师建议继续进行囊肿引流。

讨论及小结

当Tarlov囊肿位于骶骨时,脊髓麻醉是一种可行的产科选择,如果囊肿位于腰部时,麻醉风险和神经损伤的发生率就比较高,这种情况下,全麻可能作为首选。
产科麻醉师必须对患者进行评估,包括囊肿的大小、位置、神经病变的严重程度,综合地进行判断,以选择合适的麻醉方式。

原始出处:

Pfund N, Oh A, Cyna A, et al. Successful spinal anaesthesia in a patient with a Tarlov cyst. International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia. 2018; 34:96-98. doi:10.1016/j.ijoa.2017.10.004.

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (4)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2051333, encodeId=5c0f2051333fe, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95f8e042dd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#EST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7042, encryptionId=95f8e042dd, topicName=EST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e9a6357, createdName=xiangyuzhou971, createdTime=Thu Mar 21 07:58:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1687063, encodeId=11de168e06382, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb25846510b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脊髓麻醉#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84651, encryptionId=eb25846510b, topicName=脊髓麻醉)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0ee028313888, createdName=膀胱癌, createdTime=Fri Jan 03 23:58:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2011403, encodeId=6a25201140338, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=840d1e300e5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TET#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17300, encryptionId=840d1e300e5, topicName=TET)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cc52251, createdName=yhy100200, createdTime=Wed Jun 12 17:58:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1340790, encodeId=eb061340e9016, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=74a140404de' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#囊肿#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40404, encryptionId=74a140404de, topicName=囊肿)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=32a12500167, createdName=12498ca5m83暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Jan 27 09:58:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2051333, encodeId=5c0f2051333fe, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95f8e042dd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#EST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7042, encryptionId=95f8e042dd, topicName=EST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e9a6357, createdName=xiangyuzhou971, createdTime=Thu Mar 21 07:58:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1687063, encodeId=11de168e06382, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb25846510b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脊髓麻醉#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84651, encryptionId=eb25846510b, topicName=脊髓麻醉)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0ee028313888, createdName=膀胱癌, createdTime=Fri Jan 03 23:58:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2011403, encodeId=6a25201140338, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=840d1e300e5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TET#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17300, encryptionId=840d1e300e5, topicName=TET)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cc52251, createdName=yhy100200, createdTime=Wed Jun 12 17:58:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1340790, encodeId=eb061340e9016, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=74a140404de' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#囊肿#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40404, encryptionId=74a140404de, topicName=囊肿)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=32a12500167, createdName=12498ca5m83暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Jan 27 09:58:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2051333, encodeId=5c0f2051333fe, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95f8e042dd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#EST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7042, encryptionId=95f8e042dd, topicName=EST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e9a6357, createdName=xiangyuzhou971, createdTime=Thu Mar 21 07:58:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1687063, encodeId=11de168e06382, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb25846510b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脊髓麻醉#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84651, encryptionId=eb25846510b, topicName=脊髓麻醉)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0ee028313888, createdName=膀胱癌, createdTime=Fri Jan 03 23:58:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2011403, encodeId=6a25201140338, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=840d1e300e5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TET#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17300, encryptionId=840d1e300e5, topicName=TET)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cc52251, createdName=yhy100200, createdTime=Wed Jun 12 17:58:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1340790, encodeId=eb061340e9016, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=74a140404de' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#囊肿#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40404, encryptionId=74a140404de, topicName=囊肿)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=32a12500167, createdName=12498ca5m83暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Jan 27 09:58:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-06-12 yhy100200
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2051333, encodeId=5c0f2051333fe, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95f8e042dd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#EST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7042, encryptionId=95f8e042dd, topicName=EST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e9a6357, createdName=xiangyuzhou971, createdTime=Thu Mar 21 07:58:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1687063, encodeId=11de168e06382, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb25846510b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脊髓麻醉#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84651, encryptionId=eb25846510b, topicName=脊髓麻醉)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0ee028313888, createdName=膀胱癌, createdTime=Fri Jan 03 23:58:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2011403, encodeId=6a25201140338, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=840d1e300e5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TET#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17300, encryptionId=840d1e300e5, topicName=TET)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cc52251, createdName=yhy100200, createdTime=Wed Jun 12 17:58:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1340790, encodeId=eb061340e9016, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=74a140404de' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#囊肿#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40404, encryptionId=74a140404de, topicName=囊肿)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=32a12500167, createdName=12498ca5m83暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Jan 27 09:58:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]