Cancer Res:梅奥诊所发现融合基因可以确定乳腺癌突变类型

2012-04-17 Beyond 生物谷

近日,梅奥诊所研究人员已经发现了一种乳腺癌新的分子突变类型,这一发现可能有助于理解对不同类型的乳腺肿瘤的发展和生长。相关研究人员说:RNA的突变形式--融合基因转录可以确定肿瘤的亚型,并提供新的策略来对抗癌症。 他们的研究发表在4月15日的Cancer Research杂志上,该研究是首次系统地研究与不同类型乳腺肿瘤相关的融合基因和融合基因转录。 目前肿瘤学家了解到乳腺癌的三个基本类型:雌激素

近日,梅奥诊所研究人员已经发现了一种乳腺癌新的分子突变类型,这一发现可能有助于理解对不同类型的乳腺肿瘤的发展和生长。相关研究人员说:RNA的突变形式--融合基因转录可以确定肿瘤的亚型,并提供新的策略来对抗癌症。

他们的研究发表在4月15日的Cancer Research杂志上,该研究是首次系统地研究与不同类型乳腺肿瘤相关的融合基因和融合基因转录。

目前肿瘤学家了解到乳腺癌的三个基本类型:雌激素受体(ER)阳性、HER-2阳性和三阴乳腺癌。

佛罗里达州梅奥诊所的综合癌症中心和乳腺癌的转化基因组计划研究人员Edith Perez MD说:但实际情况是乳腺癌很复杂,远不止这三种亚型,治疗乳腺癌的挑战之一是找出能预测乳腺癌对特定治疗有如何反应的基因标记物。

她说:有关乳腺癌亚型特异性融合基因的发现向寻找基因标记物迈出了一大步,我们的研究结果表明融合基因在乳腺癌是很常见的,比我们想象的还要常见。这些融合基因代表了乳腺癌中基因突变事件,但其在乳腺癌中的作用目前还不了解。

E. Aubrey Thompson博士表示:融合基因能产生与肿瘤发展、生长以及治疗敏感性有关的蛋白质,所以我们了解了一套新的基因组变化情况,这帮助我们了解治疗乳腺癌的一种新方式。

有关这项新发现现在还需要开展更多研究,他说:我们需要进一步了解这些融合基因和蛋白质发挥的作用。

Thompson博士说:肿瘤细胞的显着特性之一不能修复损坏的基因缺陷。

这些突变蛋白可能有一个全新的促进癌症作用,或者他们可能会干扰正常细胞的功能。”

血癌如白血病和淋巴瘤中常见融合基因。然而,在这一发现之前,很少有人在实体如乳腺癌肿瘤中发现融合基因。

Perez博士说:因为融合基因、转录以及蛋白质一般只在肿瘤中被发现,他们制造出鉴别肿瘤细胞的理想生物标志物。

她说,此外融合基因产生的蛋白质可能与肿瘤生长相关,这一点已经在血液癌症和肺癌中被观察到。

这项研究部分由国家佛罗里达州Bankhead-Coley项目、乳腺癌研究基金会、Donna基金会、Carmichael Family基金会、美国国家癌症研究所,梅奥基金会资助。

梅奥诊所简介:世界著名私立非营利性医疗机构,于1864年由梅奥医生在明尼苏达州罗切斯特市创建,是世界最具影响力和代表世界最高医疗水平的医疗机构之一,在医学研究领域处于领跑者地位。

doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-3142
PMC:
PMID:

Detection of Redundant Fusion Transcripts as Biomarkers or Disease-Specific Therapeutic Targets in Breast Cancer

Yan W. Asmann, Brian M. Necela, Krishna R. Kalari, Asif Hossain, Tiffany R. Baker, Jennifer M. Carr, Caroline Davis, et al.

Fusion genes and fusion gene products are widely employed as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in hematopoietic cancers, but their applications have yet to be appreciated in solid tumors. Here, we report the use of SnowShoes-FTD, a powerful new analytic pipeline that can identify fusion transcripts and assess their redundancy and tumor subtype-specific distribution in primary tumors. In a study of primary breast tumors, SnowShoes-FTD was used to analyze paired-end mRNA-Seq data from a panel of estrogen receptor (ER)+, HER2+, and triple-negative primary breast tumors, identifying tumor-specific fusion transcripts by comparison with mRNA-Seq data from nontransformed human mammary epithelial cell cultures plus the Illumina Body Map data from normal tissues. We found that every primary breast tumor that was analyzed expressed one or more fusion transcripts. Of the 131 tumor-specific fusion transcripts identified, 86 were “private” (restricted to a single tumor) and 45 were “redundant” (distributed among multiple tumors). Among the redundant fusion transcripts, 7 were unique to ER+ tumors and 8 were unique to triple-negative tumors. In contrast, none of the redundant fusion transcripts were unique to HER2+ tumors. Both private and redundant fusion transcripts were widely expressed in primary breast tumors, with many mapping to genomic loci implicated in breast carcinogenesis and/or risk. Our finding that some fusion transcripts are tumor subtype-specific suggests that these entities may be critical determinants in the etiology of breast cancer subtypes, useful as biomarkers for tumor stratification, or exploitable as cancer-specific therapeutic targets.

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    2012-04-19 ycmayy
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    2012-04-19 licz0427
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