JAMA Psychiatry:诊断为MCI或痴呆的患者近期自杀未遂的风险多大?

2021-04-04 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

最近被诊断为MCI或痴呆症的老年人试图自杀的风险增加。

“阿尔茨海默病”,简称AD,是老年期痴呆中最常见的病理类型。早期以明显记忆下降为主,逐渐丧失日常生活能力,并伴有精神症状和行为障碍,病情呈进行性进展,晚期常出现吞咽困难,卧床不起,发病十年左右,常因感染等并发症死亡。

根据国际阿尔茨海默病协会发布的报告显示,2018年全球老年痴呆患者约为5000万,平均每3秒钟就有一位老人被诊断为老年期痴呆。而根据去年宣武医院贾建平教授团队发表在《柳叶刀-神经病学》(Lancet Neurol)的数据显示,目前我国有共计5000多万痴呆与认知障碍人群。其中,痴呆人数已超过1000万。

鉴于目前的药物干预尚不能治愈也不能逆转痴呆,因此鉴别出痴呆的潜在危险因素并进行提前的干预成为预防疾病进展的重要方法。其中,轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)介于正常衰老和痴呆之间的一种中间状态,由于其可防可治,因此成为研究热点。

此前,较多证据已经表明,痴呆患者的精神障碍甚至自杀的风险增加。目前,大多数研究都集中在痴呆和自杀行为上,结果不一致。而人们对MCI与自杀之间的关系更是知之甚少。

最近,由美国加州大学医学院的专家发表在《美国医学会杂志》子刊JAMA Psychiatry上的研究针对MCI和痴呆的诊断与自杀企图之间的关联,探索潜在的精神病学调节因素,并评估这种关联是否因诊断的时间长短而不同。

这项全国性的队列研究整合了退伍军人事务部(VA)和医疗保险与医疗补助服务中心的5个全国性数据库,包括美国所有VA医疗中心。将基线诊断为MCI的50岁以上美国退伍军人,与诊断为痴呆症的患者和健康的患者进行1:3的倾向性匹配。

共纳入147595人,包括21085名MCI患者,63255名痴呆患者,63255名倾向匹配的健康对照组。参与者的平均(SD)年龄为74.7(10.3)岁,143353(97.1%)为男性,4242(2.9%)为女性。

在随访期间,共有138名MCI患者(0.7%)和400名痴呆患者(0.6%)试图自杀,而没有MCI或痴呆的患者有253名(0.4%)。在调整人口统计学细节以及医疗和精神合并症后,近期诊断为MCI或痴呆的患者自杀未遂风险始终最高。其中,诊断为MCI的患者危险升高73%,(HR=1.73,95% CI,1.34-2.22),而近期痴呆的危险升高44%(HR=1.44,95% CI,1.17-1.77)。

综上,该研究表明,最近被诊断为MCI或痴呆症的老年人试图自杀的风险增加。因此对此类患者进行支持性心理咨询可能有助于减轻自杀未遂的风险。

 

参考文献:

Günak MM, Barnes DE, Yaffe K, Li Y, Byers AL. Risk of Suicide Attempt in Patients With Recent Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia. JAMA Psychiatry. Published online March 24, 2021. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.0150

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1792220, encodeId=e2401e92220a2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=696a14818df' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Psychiatry#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=19, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14818, encryptionId=696a14818df, topicName=Psychiatry)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c192448, createdName=diushouji, createdTime=Fri Apr 30 21:19:51 CST 2021, time=2021-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1519387, encodeId=3186151938e12, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3731113e8c3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MCI#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11378, encryptionId=3731113e8c3, topicName=MCI)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=934111256894, createdName=hukaixun, createdTime=Tue Apr 06 06:19:51 CST 2021, time=2021-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953860, encodeId=fa48953860c3, content=已读,真是受益匪浅呀, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f03a5433387, createdName=ms5000000518166734, createdTime=Mon Apr 05 07:51:27 CST 2021, time=2021-04-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1036558, encodeId=cd1c103655841, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Sun Apr 04 18:19:51 CST 2021, time=2021-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1048756, encodeId=6b5e1048e56de, content=老年人痴呆何药可用??, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=junJUN, createdTime=Sun Apr 04 18:19:51 CST 2021, time=2021-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-04-06 hukaixun
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1792220, encodeId=e2401e92220a2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=696a14818df' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Psychiatry#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=19, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14818, encryptionId=696a14818df, topicName=Psychiatry)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c192448, createdName=diushouji, createdTime=Fri Apr 30 21:19:51 CST 2021, time=2021-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1519387, encodeId=3186151938e12, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3731113e8c3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MCI#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11378, encryptionId=3731113e8c3, topicName=MCI)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=934111256894, createdName=hukaixun, createdTime=Tue Apr 06 06:19:51 CST 2021, time=2021-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953860, encodeId=fa48953860c3, content=已读,真是受益匪浅呀, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f03a5433387, createdName=ms5000000518166734, createdTime=Mon Apr 05 07:51:27 CST 2021, time=2021-04-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1036558, encodeId=cd1c103655841, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Sun Apr 04 18:19:51 CST 2021, time=2021-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1048756, encodeId=6b5e1048e56de, content=老年人痴呆何药可用??, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=junJUN, createdTime=Sun Apr 04 18:19:51 CST 2021, time=2021-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-04-05 ms5000000518166734

    已读,真是受益匪浅呀

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1792220, encodeId=e2401e92220a2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=696a14818df' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Psychiatry#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=19, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14818, encryptionId=696a14818df, topicName=Psychiatry)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c192448, createdName=diushouji, createdTime=Fri Apr 30 21:19:51 CST 2021, time=2021-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1519387, encodeId=3186151938e12, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3731113e8c3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MCI#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11378, encryptionId=3731113e8c3, topicName=MCI)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=934111256894, createdName=hukaixun, createdTime=Tue Apr 06 06:19:51 CST 2021, time=2021-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953860, encodeId=fa48953860c3, content=已读,真是受益匪浅呀, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f03a5433387, createdName=ms5000000518166734, createdTime=Mon Apr 05 07:51:27 CST 2021, time=2021-04-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1036558, encodeId=cd1c103655841, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Sun Apr 04 18:19:51 CST 2021, time=2021-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1048756, encodeId=6b5e1048e56de, content=老年人痴呆何药可用??, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=junJUN, createdTime=Sun Apr 04 18:19:51 CST 2021, time=2021-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-04-04 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1792220, encodeId=e2401e92220a2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=696a14818df' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Psychiatry#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=19, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14818, encryptionId=696a14818df, topicName=Psychiatry)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c192448, createdName=diushouji, createdTime=Fri Apr 30 21:19:51 CST 2021, time=2021-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1519387, encodeId=3186151938e12, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3731113e8c3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MCI#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11378, encryptionId=3731113e8c3, topicName=MCI)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=934111256894, createdName=hukaixun, createdTime=Tue Apr 06 06:19:51 CST 2021, time=2021-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953860, encodeId=fa48953860c3, content=已读,真是受益匪浅呀, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f03a5433387, createdName=ms5000000518166734, createdTime=Mon Apr 05 07:51:27 CST 2021, time=2021-04-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1036558, encodeId=cd1c103655841, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Sun Apr 04 18:19:51 CST 2021, time=2021-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1048756, encodeId=6b5e1048e56de, content=老年人痴呆何药可用??, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=junJUN, createdTime=Sun Apr 04 18:19:51 CST 2021, time=2021-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-04-04 junJUN

    老年人痴呆何药可用??

    0

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